Analog particle identifier with a wide dynamic range of the E/ ΔE ratio

Abstract

A particle identifier which has a good performance for a wide range of signal ratio E/ ΔE has been developed based on the multiplication type formula approximating the Goulding equation. The purpose of this approximation is to utilize an analog summation technique (logarithmic) instead of the analog subtraction circuit, since the performance of the subtraction circuit is one of the limiting factors of the dynamic range, especially when the ΔE signal is small while the E signal is large. The numerical method used for deriving the good approximation formula is also applied to the analyses of the problems of the particle identification.