Abstract
Analiza i mjerenje razina buke na autocesti A2 (E-65) “Majka Tereza“, dionica Skopje – Tetovo
Highlights
Traffic noise should be considered as an important problem at all stages of development of transport systems, from the planning and design stages, to the construction and maintenance of transport facilities. -- The following conclusions can be made based on the analysis of the noise level calculation and measurement results obtained in 2003 and 2014 on the studied section of the A-2 (E-65) motorway: It can generally be concluded that daytime and nighttime noise levels exceed the allowed limits
Most appropriate measures consist in noise abatement at the source, which involves installation of adequate noise barriers. -- Maximum noise levels measured in the nighttime are by approximately 30 dB (A) greater that the allowed levels
Considering that the night period is the time for rest and sleep of people living in close proximity, there is a need to urgently address the problem of noise and its harmful impact. -- According to the method and data from one year measurements, the calculated values of noise are higher than the permitted ones
Summary
Sound is a form of energy transmitted via sound waves that can be detected by human ear (sound pressure ranges from 0 to 120 dB, but human ear can detect sounds in the frequency band ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz). The most frequent sources of ambient noise are: various types of construction works, various forms of road, rail and air transport, parking lots, facilities for sporting and other events, buildings for residential and other uses, household appliances, amusement parks, sports shooting ranges, industrial facilities, etc. Research conducted so far [3] has shown that traffic noise is represented with 81 %, and noise from all other sources (industry, construction, noise from leisure activities) with 19 %, in the overall noise generated by humans (Figure 1). The noise caused by motor traffic, called traffic noise, results from the interaction between motor vehicles and pavement surface. It depends on the intensity, type, structure and speed, and regarding the type of road, the condition of the pavement surface and its longitudinal slope. The noise caused by motor vehicles can be divided into (Figure 2): -- Noise created by the working engine (engine noise) -- Noise generated by the tyres of the vehicle on the pavement surface, while the vehicle passes through the medium - air (rolling noise) -- Noise resulting from the turbulence of air that occurs during movement of vehicles (aerodynamic noise) [5]
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