Abstract
This study analyzes the physical and chemical characteristics of eucalyptus oil products in the Ambon city market. Eucalyptus oil stamped Merpati Putih/MP to determine the quality grade of MP eucalyptus oil. The MP quality grade is based on the chemical component content level of 1,8-cineole. Furthermore, according to results of the testing on the physics properties of some parameters as required at SNI 3954-2014 about Eucalyptus (Cajuput) Oil standard, and the analysis of chemical components through GC-MS apparatus, the results shows that the MP Cajuput oil has the properties of physics that meet the required standards, among others: the specific gravity (BJ) of 0917, light green-colored towards clear, smelling as typical cajuput oil (original), the refractive indexes at ambient was about 1.469; there was no mixing with other oils (clear) and the absence of fatty oil with an optical rotation value at (-) 0, 33o, respectively. However, the results of the analysis of chemical components by GC-MS proved that the quality of the MP Cajuput oil at the first quality class was based on SNI 3954-2014 due to contains 1.8-cineole whose it value was within the standard ranges of 50 to < 55%, which is 52.51%
Highlights
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik sifat fisis dan kimia produk minyak kayu putih di pasaran kota Ambon (Minyak Kayu Putih Cap Merpati Putih/MP) untuk bisa menentukan kelas mutu minyak kayu putih MP didasarkan pada tingkat kandungan komponen kimia 1,8- cineole
Furthermore, according to results of the testing on the physics properties of some parameters as required at Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 3954-2014 about Eucalyptus (Cajuput) Oil standard, and the analysis of chemical components through GC-MS apparatus, the results shows that the MP Cajuput oil has the properties of physics that meet the required standards, among others: the specific gravity (BJ) of 0917, light green-colored towards clear, smelling as typical cajuput oil (original), the refractive indexes at ambient was about 1.469; there were no mixing with other oils (clear) and the absence of fatty oil with an optical rotation value at (-) 0, 33o, respectively
Pemetaan Kualitas Minyak Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendra) di Maluku, Majalah Biam, e-ISSN:2548-4842, p-ISSN :0215-1464, (online), (http://www. ejournal.kemenperin.go.id/bpbiam, diakses 2 Juni 2019)
Summary
Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian Bahan baku minyak kayu putih (sampel) berasal dari produk jadi minyak kayu putih yang diperdagangkan dipasaran sekitar Kota Ambon Sinar Baru Ambon) dan selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian terhadap sifat fisis minyak kayu putih antara lain: warna, bau, berat jenis pada suhu 20oC, indeks bias pada suhu 20oC, putaran optik dan kelarutan dalam etanol 80% di Laboratorium Teknologi Hasil Hutan Jurusan Kehutanan Fakultas Pertanian UNPATTI dan Balai Industri dan Pengujian (Baristan) Provinsi Maluku, serta pengujian komponen kimia minyak kayu putih di Laboratorium Kimia Analitik, Fakultas MIPA, UNPATTI. Minyak kayu putih diuji menggunakan SNI 3954:2014 yang meliputi pengujian sifat fisis antara lain warna, bau, berat jenis pada suhu 20oC, indeks bias pada suhu 20oC, putaran optik dan kelarutan dalam etanol 80%. Sedangkan sifat kimia minyak kayu putih yang dianalisis melalui indikator 1,8 cineole menggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS Shidmadzu-2010 Plus pada 70 eV dan 320oC dengan auto sampler). Minyak kayu putih sebanyak 0.1 uL diinject dan MS ion chromatograms merekam selama 30 menit dan kompenen kimia (1,8 cineole dan komponen lainnya) akan terdeteksi secara otomatis pada WILLEY 7 library dengan gravity spesifik yang terdapat dalam GC-MS Shidmadzu-2010 Plus (Setyaningsih & Sukmawati, 2014; Siregar & Toifur, 2016)
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