ANALISIS PENGARUH IOD DAN ENSO TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI KLOROFIL-A PADA PERIODE UPWELLING DI PERAIRAN SUMBAWA SELATAN

Abstract

South Sumbawa sea is one of enormous potential fishery waters in Indonesia. Sumbawa’s marine sea includes the territory of the Lesser Sunda Seascape located at the world's coral triangle (Coral Triangle) which has the highest marine biodiversity and habitat for 76% of coral species in the world with calm water and stable current relatively, so it potentially has large marine diversity. However, that potential has not been utilized and managed optimally by local fishing communities. It is shown by the potential of marine aquaculture area covers an area of 57.245 hectares, but only 16 715 hectares are utilized. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of IOD and ENSO on the distribution of chlorophyll-A in the period of upwelling in South Sumbawa’s water. This study uses data of sea surface temperature (SST), IOD, ENSO, and the concentration of chlorophyll-A in the upwelling period (August to November) 2001-2010. It uses the method of correlation were processed using Microsoft Excel and explorative analysis. Based on the analysis, when the sea surface temperature (SST) has increased in upwelling period (August-November), the concentration of chlorophyll-A are decreased. The value of sea surface temperature (SST) is the highest in 2010 and lowest in 2007. The highest concentration of chlorophyll-A in 2004 and the lowest in 2010. The highest value of the sea surface temperature (SST) is 28,52⁰C, this is related to the phenomenon of la nina and negative IOD occurred in 2010. The lowest value of sea surface temperature (SST) is 27,43⁰C in 2007, but it is not influenced by IOD and ENSO. The value of sea surface temperature (SST) then will affect the upwelling intensity and the concentration of chlorophyll-A.