Analisis Partisipatif Terhadap Sistem Kepemilikan Tanah Dan Proses Pemiskinan Di Desa Rowosari Jember Melalui Sistem Pemetaan Geospasial Dan Sosial

Abstract

Rowosari has a beautiful landscape and natural layout. In the north, east and south, a row of circular pine hills forms a horseshoe. On the east side, back to the pine hill is Raung Mountain, which is almost always covered of clouds, rises to an altitude of 3,344 masl which makes it become the second highest mountain in East Java after Semeru Mount. The volcano located in the Ijen mountain complex area stuck its feet in three districts of Besuki, Jember, Bondowoso and Banyuwangi. However, at one settlement point, namely the Karang tengah village, which is part of the Barat Sawah village, residential settlements are concentrated in area of 1,728 hectares. The location of these settlements go north from the village road, surrounded by stretches of fields and small rivers. There are two entrances to this settlement, west and east. There are 56 heads of families living here with 51 houses. Houses are lined up and stretched, following the taneyan lanjhang-pattern which consists of a collection of houses inhabited by several families. Between settlements and fields restricted with rivers and plants. The contrasting picture between the abundance of natural resources and the social conditions of the Rowosari community raises the general question of this study: why does the agriculture area and the wealth of natural resources not correlate with the population welfare? What happens in the relationship between humans and their homeland? Because the analysis of production relations in the agricultural sector is the backbone of the socio-economic structure of rural society, the analysis is the main theme in this study. What happened in the village, especially in the West field of Rowosari Village, actually it can be solved, for example by institutionalizing savings and loans cooperatives, processing agriculture by using organic farming systems, and developing village tourism by utilizing village potential. Nature tourism: panoramic views of mountains, waterfalls, panoramic views of fields and rivers flowing with clear water, become the main attraction to be developed as a village tour. Livestock and fisheries can also be developed because there are abundant river and green food sources. Village funds can be used for that. The priority of village development should be based on analyzing data from participatory mapping, not by a handful of village government elites. Priority of the programs should be directed by building food security, creating jobs towards village economic sovereignty. actually the land in the forested area could be managed by the community. However, the land management rights given to Chinese ethnic who managed it for cash crops such as sengon and coffee. Village people only become wage laborers to care for, to fertilize and to harvest the results. because of the difficult terrain to reach the location, the villagers were finally reluctant to manage the land with little wage and erratic work. They are forced to look for work outside the village. There must be good faith and political decisions by the village government, for example by making regulations regarding the prohibition of selling agricultural land to people outside the village, so that the land does not turn into housing or become an asset for investment which certainly has no commitment to agricultural development. In addition, villages must develop BUMDES as an economic effort by opening jobs to improve the community welfare, especially for those who do not have job and agricultural land. Management of zakat, infaq, shodaqoh from rich people, if managed properly, can become business capital or help alleviate for those who really need, this could prevent villagers from migrating to the city. Because, if many villagers migrate to the city, when they return, they will bring the culture of the city that is not in line with the values and norms of the village.