Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of damage to the welded joints in the spool pipe on the pre-cooler air venting system in the natural gas exploration and production environment in the form of crack defects. The analysis was done by taking field data in the form of operational data and chemical content of fluid served, visual observation, chemical composition test with Optical Emission Spectrocopy, Hardness Testing using Rockwell scale B, Micro observation and makrophotograpy, Metalographic observation, microhardness testing using Vickers test plane, Observation of macro fracture surface using Scanning Electron Microscope. Based on the results of the tests and observations, it shows that the main cause of the damage is the brittle crack caused by the welding performance made possible by the use of higher current than required and rapid cooling of the welding of the thin material.
Highlights
Pada penelitian ini dianalisa penyebab kerusakan yang terjadi pada sambungan lasan pada sistem venting pre air cooler di unit kompresi bagian tekanan menengah di dalam proses pengolahan awal gas alam
The purpose of this study was to determine the cause of damage to the welded joints in the spool pipe on the pre-cooler air venting system in the natural gas exploration and production environment in the form of crack defects
The analysis was done by taking field data in the form of operational data and chemical content of fluid served, visual observation, chemical composition test with Optical Emission Spectrocopy, Hardness Testing using Rockwell scale B, Micro observation and makrophotograpy, Metalographic observation, microhardness testing using Vickers test plane, Observation of macro fracture surface using Scanning Electron Microscope
Summary
Gambar 2.3 Skematik Perilaku Solidifikasi dan Transformasi Keadaan Padat pada Lasan dengan. Presipitat karbida tumbuh cepat di sepanjang batas butir pada temperatur 700-900oC dan paling banyak terbentuk dalam HAZ pada baja tahan karat austenitik. Karbida ini biasanya terdapat pada baja tahan karat yang diberi perlakuan panas dan biasanya terbentuk sebelum fasa intermetalik. Pada Base Metal dan logam las baja tahan karat austenitik sangat rentan terhadap pembentukan fasa sigma. Fasa sigma dapat terbentuk dalam berbagai jenis baja tahan karat, tetapi paling umum cenderung terjadi dalam kadar Cr yang tinggi pada austenitik, feritik, dan paduan duplex. Nikel dapat meningkatkan interval temperatur pembentukan fasa sigma dari 815-926 °C, tetapi pengaruh nikel dalam meningkatkan pembentukan fasa sigma tidak seefektif Mn atau unsur-unsur kuat pembentuk ferit seperti Mo, S dan Al. Fasa Chi (χ). Dengan penambahan karbon perbandingan unsur dalam fasa chi bergeser kearah Mo, yang mana berarti bergeser ke arah pembentukan karbida kuat.
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