Analisis Kavitasi pada Saluran Transisi dan Peluncur Pelimpah Bendungan Kluet – Model Fisik Skala 1:60

Abstract

River Region of Baru-Kluet has a steep slope contour and high rainfall so that it is vulnerable to flooding while during the dry season rice fields experience drought due to lack of water. Therefore, a dam is built to mitigate these issues. The spillway is a flow-control component in the dam which is used to improve regulation and enlarge the flow rate that will cross the spillway building. Spillway that has a steep slope is vulnerable to hydraulic behavior called cavitation. The experiment was carried out at the River and Coast Laboratory of Syiah Kuala University, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the value of the damage cavitation index interval in each series and discharge variation. Cavitation index analysis method used formula of ratio between local water pressure and flow velocity. Flow velocity and pressure at each outflow discharge was collected from the experiment. The results of the damage cavitation index interval in the 0 series and the modified series are located at level 1 for the transition region, level 3 for the launcher region and level 2 for the launcher region of modified series. It is found that the change in series 0 to a modified series with extending width in the side channel, lowering the elevation of side channel, and displacement sill in the transition channel with the aim of reducing the flow velocity. This change still has the possibility of cavitation damage, but it is much safer than the cavitation results of the 0 series. High quality of materials or concrete are not recommended because they are expensive and economically unfeasible, therefore the use of slot aeration/aerator is a suitable option for this case. Keyword: Dam, spillway, cavitation, model test.