Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acid is the essential fatty acid and important for human health. Omega-3 fatty acid is also really neededby pregnant and lactating mothers and also children to prevent the malnutrition. Omega-3 fatty acid is also reallyneeded by pregnant and lactating mothers, and children to prevent the malnutrition. The omega-3 fatty acid is commonlyfound in some fish like salmon, tuna, hering, and mackarel. However, those fish are expensive, so alternativesources relatively cheaper fish. One of fish that is low in price and high in production in Nusa Tenggara Barat is Sunglir(Elagatis bipinnulata ). The purpose of this research was to determine free fatty acids content, type of omega-3 fattyacids, and their compositions in head fish oil. Head of sunglir fish was used as a sample because the head was usuallynot consumed. Sunglir fish was obtained from the Ampenan beach (NTB) with a size of 20–30 cm. The extraction methodused in this study was soxhletation with n-hexane solvent and analyzed with Gas Chromatografi (GC), acid ethyl estersfrom the esterification enzymatic of fish oil. Result revealed that the fish oil contained 84% free fatty acid and 0.85%linolenic acid (ALA), 2.80% eicosatrienoic acid (ETA), 0.73% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 2.41% docosahexaenoicacid (DHA). Saponification and iodine number of head fish oil is 248.24 mg KOH/g oil and 227.16 g Iod/100 g oil.
Highlights
Omega-3 fatty acid is the essential fatty acid and important for human health
The omega-3 fatty acid is commonly found in some fish like salmon
of fish that is low in price
Summary
Bahan-bahan yang digunakankan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagian kepala ikan Sunglir dari ikan yang berukuran 20 x 30 cm, diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan nelayan di pantai Ampenan (NTB). Cawan yang telah berisi sampel dioven pada suhu 100–105oC selama 3–5 jam, setelah itu didinginkan dalam desikator kemudian ditimbang. Setelah itu ditambahkan 20 mL larutan KI 15% dan ditambahkan 100 mL akuades yang telah dididihkan, dan segera dititrasi dengan larutan Na2S2O3 0,1 N sampai larutan berwarna kuning pucat, kemudian ditambahkan 4 mL larutan kanji. Hasil ekstraksi diuapkan untuk menghilangkan n-heksana dengan evaporator pada suhu 40oC. Sebanyak 1 g minyak hasil ekstraksi ditambahkan BTHQ 200 ppm, kemudian disaponifikasi dengan menambahkan 0,32 g larutan KOH dalam alkohol encer (air dan etanol 96% 60 mL (1:1)). Minyak yang telah disabunkan ditambahkan 50 mL akuades dan diekstrak dengan n-heksana 200 mL menggunakan corong pisah sampai terbentuk dua lapisan. Hasil ekstraksi didapatkan dua fraksi yaitu fraksi air dan fraksi n-heksana yang mengandung asam lemak bebas.
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