ANALISA TEKNIK URUTAN PENGELASAN PADA PENGELASAN SMAW ALUR V DALAM UPAYA MEREDUKSI DISTORSI

Abstract

Complicated distortion always happens in metal melting and freezing process on welding. Up to now, the common method to reduce distortion are: base metal preheating, heat input minimalization, welding process sequence, etc. the last has been used by welders, however the sequence oj best effectivity and efficiency has not been yet studied. This research aims to know effect oj welding process sequence by studied 5 different welding route related to angle distortion (a), bending distortion (B), cross distortion (I1L) and axial distortion (I1P). Welding process used shielded metal arc welding, base metal oj ST 37 and electrode oj E6013; 2.6 mm and 3.2 mm oj diameter. Four kinds of test used angle gauge oJO.l ° precision and caliper oj 0.05 mm precision. Based on the test, it could be known that the lowest angle distortion took place on 3 times route that was 3.070, while the highest happened at 5 times route method that was 9.230. the lowest bending distortion took place on 1 and 3 times route that ware 1.50 mm and 1.52, respectively, while the highest happened at 5 times route method that was 4.70 mm. Cross distortion and angle distortion tended to have lowest distortion at 3 times route, while axial distortion and bending distortion at 1 and 3 times routes. All that kinds oj distortion had the lowest value at 3 times route which was the best welding route at sheet metal oj 5 mm thickness. Keywords: welding sequence, SMAW, distortion