Abstract
Abstract. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. The people who live in Karo use several types of plants to relieve pain, one of which is cep-cepan (Saurauia cauliflora DC.) The leaves of this plant traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. There is no scientific evidence about analgetic effect of the leaves. Thus, this study aimed to determine the potential effect of the ethanolic extract of cep-cepan leaves as an analgesic. Fresh Cep-cepan leaves were dried in a drying cabinet at 40°C. Furthermore, the water content of the powdered dried leaves was determined using azeotropic distillation method. Phytochemical screening was carried out to determine chemical groups contained in the dried leaves. Plant extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Analgesic effect of the extract was evaluated by observing respon time of mices to infrared as pain inducer. Mices were grouped into six categories, they were: vehicle, antalgin 65 mg/kgBW, and extracts at the dose of 500 mg/kgBW, 250 mg/kgBW, 125 mg/kgBW, 62,5 mg/kgBW, all were administered orally. The data were analayzed using ANOVA followed by LSD. Results showed that the dried leaves contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinone glycosides and steroids/triterpenoids. The water contain of the dried leaves was 5,3%. The analgesic test results showed the extract at the dose of 250 mg/kgBW had strong analgesic effect similar to that of 500 mg/kgBW and antalgin 65 mg/kgBW.Keywords: analgetic, antalgin, cep-cepan, leave, saurauia cauliflora.
Highlights
Tanaman obat sudah dikenal dan digunakan di seluruh dunia sejak beribu tahun yang lalu
The people who live in Karo use several types of plants to relieve pain
There is no scientific evidence about analgetic effect of the leaves
Summary
Tanaman obat sudah dikenal dan digunakan di seluruh dunia sejak beribu tahun yang lalu. Pada masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar hutan Tangkahan Taman Nasional gunung Leuser, Kabupaten Langkat, Sumatera Utara yang banyak dihuni oleh suku Karo, telah menggunakan daun cep-cepan (Saurauia cauliflora DC.) yang dimanfaatkan sebagai obat nyeri perut bagian dalam, gangguan pencernaan dan untuk obat luar seperti luka yang mungkin bisa dikembangkan sebagai obat analgetik. Oleh karena itu perlu dicari antinyeri dari bahan alam yang efektif dengan efek samping yang relatif lebih ringan, mudah didapat dan harganya murah, misalnya daun cep-cepan, yang telah digunakan masyarakat sebagai anti nyeri. Daun cep-cepan sebagai analgetik belum diteliti secara ilmiah sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian misalnya dicoba pemberian pada hewan percobaan untuk memastikan efektivitasnya sebagai analgetik sehingga didapat data ilmiah tentang efek analgetiknya. Penelitian efektivitas bahan alam yang dicoba pada hewan percobaan diperlukan dengan volume pemberian yang sekecil mungkin, untuk itu perlu dalam bentuk ekstrak untuk memperkecil volume yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dilakukan pengujian aktivitas analgesic ekstrak etanol daun cep-cepan sebagai analgetik dengan metode induksi radiasi sinar infra merah dengan alat plantar test dengan pembanding suspensi antalgin
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