Analgesics Activity of Alkaloid Compounds from Several Plants Review

Abstract

Pain is an unpleasant sensories feeling that is caused by damaged tissue until the parts of the body experiencing pain. In the process, damaged tissue will produce prostaglandins which will stimulate the nociceptive receptors and release of the pain mediator. Many plants that contained secondary metabolites may have analgesic activity. The analgesic activity may be due to inhibition of the pain mediator formation. But there are still many factors to be aware of these compounds such as effectiveness compared to the analgesic drug's that has available in the market as well as the side effects and toxicity of alkaloid compounds. There were a number of secondary metabolites from alkaloids compounds from several plants that have analgesic activity with the inhibition percentage, such as picrinine (55.1%), scholaricine (60.2%), vellasamine (60.7%) from the Alstonia scholaris plant, theacrine (34.1%) from the Camellia kucha plant, govaniadine (74.7%) from Corydalis govaniana W. plant, discretamine (82.81%) from Dugustia moricandiana plant, solasodine (61.0%) from Solanum trilobatum L. plant and nitidine (99.6%), dihydrochelerythrine (94.0%), oxyavicine (92.2%), 8-methoxydihydro-chelerythrine (88.8%), 8-hydroxydihydrochelerythrine (96.1%) from Zanthoxylum nitidum . Thus, the expected alkaloid compound were obtained from this plant could be further developed as analgesic drugs with better effectiveness and safer side effects and toxicity.