Abstract
Pharmacognosy Research,2022,14,1,24-29.DOI:10.5530/pres.14.1.5Published:December 2021Type:Original ArticleAuthors:Peace Doe, Cynthia Amaning Danquah, Kwasi Adomako Ohemeng, Ako Ernest Opare, Ahmed Sharif, Dorcas Akua-Abora, Asamoah Kwame Akuoko, Aaron Kpabitey, Emmanuel Quarshie, Oliver Opoku Asante, Elvis Kwadwo Amponsah, Mariyana Mutwaliku, Charlotte Nuro-Brefo, and Micheal Ofori Author(s) affiliations:Peace Doe1,2,*, Cynthia Amaning Danquah1, Kwasi Adomako Ohemeng3, Ako Ernest Opare2, Ahmed Sharif2, Dorcas Akua-Abora2, Asamoah Kwame Akuoko2, Aaron Kpabitey2, Emmanuel Quarshie2, Oliver Opoku Asante2, Elvis Kwadwo Amponsah2, Mariyana Mutwaliku2, Charlotte Nuro-Brefo2, Micheal Ofori1 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, GHANA. 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Central University, GHANA. 3Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Central University, GHANA. Abstract:Background: Crinum pedunculatum R.Br. bulbs are used for the topical management of inflammation by traditional healers in the southern region of Ghana. Objectives: This study aims to assess the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activities of different solvent extracts of Crinum pedunculatum. Methods: The analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pyretic activities of the bulb extracts of Crinum pedunculatum were determined in rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. The acetic acid induced writhing test was used to determine the analgesic activity, carrageenan was employed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity, and Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia was studied to evaluate the extract’s anti-pyretic activity. Results: All solvent extracts of Crinum pedunculatum significantly decreased (P < 0.001) the frequency of writhing in rats at all doses with 400 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract showing a 98% inhibition comparable to that obtained with diclofenac sodium at 94%. These extracts also caused the inhibition of the increase in paw diameter induced by the administration of carrageenan with 400 mg/kg of the ethyl acetate extract of Crinum pedunculatum causing a 97% inhibition of paw oedema. All doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of the methanol extract caused a significant decrease (P < 0.0001) in the temperature of rats induced via the administration of yeast with ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts also showed a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in rectal temperature. Conclusion: These results obtained indicate that the methanolic, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Crinum pedunculatum R.Br. possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities. Keywords:Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-pyretic, Crinum pedunculatum, Rats.View:PDF (373.01 KB) Full Text
Highlights
Several disease conditions are routinely present with pain and pyrexia
Acute toxicity experiments carried out with all Crinum pedunculatum extracts showed that the limit dose of 2000 mg/kg did not result in mortality and any visible toxic manifestations such as changes in skin, fur, eyes, respiration, tremors, convulsions, salivation, diarrhoea, sleep and lethargy
All doses of the ethanolic, methanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Crinum pedunculatum (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) exhibited significant decrease in the number of writhes induced by acetic acid relative to the Pharmacognosy Research, Vol 14, Issue 1, Jan-Mar, 2022
Summary
Several disease conditions are routinely present with pain and pyrexia. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) are frequently prescribed to manage these conditions, but gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation, exacerbation of gastric ulcers and cardiac irregularities are some of the side effects associated with their use.[1]. Results: All solvent extracts of Crinum pedunculatum significantly decreased (P < 0.001) the frequency of writhing in rats at all doses with 400 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract showing a 98% inhibition comparable to that obtained with diclofenac sodium at 94%. These extracts caused the inhibition of the increase in paw diameter induced by the administration of carrageenan with 400 mg/kg of the ethyl acetate extract of Crinum pedunculatum causing a 97% inhibition of paw oedema. Conclusion: These results obtained indicate that the methanolic, ethanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts of Crinum pedunculatum R.Br. possess analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic activities.
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