Abstract
Herbal mixture extracts (HME) comprised of Semen Sojae Nigrum, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Glycyrrhizae, and Cornu Cervi. Herein, we employed three mouse models, including hot-plate test, acetic acid (AA)-induced writhing test and AA-induced vascular permeability test, to determine analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of HME. Results revealed that HME exhibited analgesic effects in hot-plate test and in AA-induced writhing test, as evidenced by increasing the latency to lick paws and decreasing AA-induced writhing counts, respectively. HME also significantly and dose-dependently decreased AA-induced vascular permeability, indicating HME exhibited anti-inflammatory effects. Similar improvement can be observed in aspirin treatment that used as positive control in this study. Most of medicinal effects of Fructus Cnidii are considered to attribute to coumarins, such as osthol (OST) and imperatorin (IMP) with several pharmacological activities. We then used OST and IMP as bioactive components in HME. The content of OST and IMP in HME was 3.57 ± 0.10 mg/g and 1.20 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, from three independent batches. Only OST possessed inhibitory effects in three mouse models, suggesting that OST may partially involve in protective effects of HME. These results demonstrated that HME has a potential on anti-analgesic effects and anti-inflammatory actions.
Highlights
Results revealed that Herbal mixture extracts (HME) exhibited analgesic effects in hot-plate test and in acetic acid (AA)-induced writhing test, as evidenced by increasing the latency to lick paws and decreasing AA-induced writhing counts, respectively
Most of medicinal effects of Fructus Cnidii are considered to attribute to coumarins, such as osthol (OST) and imperatorin (IMP) with several pharmacological activities
These results demonstrated that HME has a potential on anti-analgesic effects and anti-inflammatory actions
Summary
Radix Glycyrrhizae is the dried root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L. with several biological functions, including anti-inflammation [12], anti-nociceptive activities [12], hepatoprotective effects [13], and anti-cancer [13]. Cornu Cervi is the ossified antler of Cervus elaphus Linnaeus or Cervus nippon Temminck with some traditional applications, such as anti-impotence, and relieving of blood stasis and swelling pain These specific functions of each herbal medicine led us to hypothesize that these components when used in combinations could serve as an effective prescription with analgesic effects and anti-inflammation. Most of medicinal effects of Fructus Cnidii are considered to attribute to coumarins, such as osthol (OST) and imperatorin (IMP) with several pharmacological activities. The protective effects of OST and IMP in three mouse models were determined
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