Abstract
Stem bark of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. was extracted in methanol to evaluate their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The analgesic activity was determined on Wistar albino rats by hot plate method, tail flick assay, and tail immersion method using Morphine sulphate as standard drug at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight and the results were expressed as mean increase in latency after drug administration ± SEM. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by Carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema using diclofenac sodium as standard drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight and expressed in terms of mean increase in paw volume ± SEM. Stem bark extract was given at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight. Both standard drugs and extract were administered orally to the animals. Control received distilled water orally. Results showed that Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. had potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
Highlights
Ethnobotanical research done in the last few decades has revealed the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of plants cited in the traditional literature
Due to having adverse side effects, like gastric lesions, caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and tolerance and dependence induced by opiates, the use of these drugs as analgesic agents has not been successful in all the cases
In studies carried out by Bhadauria et al, on the analgesic activity of ethanolic and aqueous leaves extract of Nyctanthes arbortristis, it was found from the percentage inhibition index that ethanolic extract was better analgesic than aqueous extract when compared with standard drug aspirin
Summary
Ethnobotanical research done in the last few decades has revealed the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of plants cited in the traditional literature. The search for new antiinflammatory and analgesic agents from the huge array of medicinal plant resources is intensifying. This is because such taxa may hold assurance for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents capable of suppressing, reducing, or relieving pain as well as inflammation [1]. Due to having adverse side effects, like gastric lesions, caused by NSAIDs and tolerance and dependence induced by opiates, the use of these drugs as analgesic agents has not been successful in all the cases. Analgesic drugs which lack those effects are being searched all over the world as alternatives to NSAIDs and opiates. It is essential that efforts should be made to introduce new medicinal plants to develop more effective and cheaper drugs. The investigation of the efficacy of plant-based drugs used in the traditional medicine has been paid great attention because they are cheap, have little side effects, and according to WHO still about 80% of the world population rely mainly on plant-based drugs [6]
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