Abstract
Traditionally, Aspilia africana is used in the management of pain in Ghana and most parts of W est Africa . This study therefore investigated the analgesic effect of the petroleum ether, aqueous, and hydro - ethanolic leaf extracts of Aspilia africana using rodent models. Preliminary p hytochemical screening was done on all the extracts , which showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, ta nnins, glycosides, phytosterols and terpenoids . The extracts (40 - 400 m g/kg p.o. ) were administered to Sprague - Dawley rats and tail flick latencies (Tail flick analgesic model) were measured in a preliminary analgesic study. The order of analgesic efficacy established was hydro - ethanolic > aqueous > petroleum ether extract. T hin layer and high performance liquid chromatographic analyses were carried out on the hydro - ethanolic extract to o btain chromatograms as fingerprints for identification purposes. These revealed seven s pots (TLC) and two peaks (HPLC) . Acetic acid - induced w rithing and Capsaicin - induced nociception analgesic tests were carried out in ICR mice using the hydro ethanolic leaf extract . This significantly (P ≤ 0.001) and dose - dependently suppressed the time - course of acetic acid - induced writh ing and capsaicin - induced nociception similar to 10 mg/kg D iclofenac sodium (P ≤ 0.001) and 5 mg/kg, Ketamine (P ≤ 0.001) . In conclusion, the leaf extract s of Aspilia afr icana has
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