Abstract
Traditional medicine still plays an important role in managing infections especially in Africa. Extracts of Conyza floribunda Kunth are used to treat sore throat, ringworm and other skin related infections, toothache and to stop bleeding from injuries. Extracts from the plant have been reported to exhibit antibacterial and antifungal activities. Previous phytochemical studies on the plant yielded terpenoid, sterols and flavonoids. The aim of the present study was to determine the analgesic activity Conyza floribunda extracts. Methanol, DCM and n -hexane extracts of the plant were subjects to toxicity, hot plate latency and acetic acid induced-writhing tests using Swiss Albino Mice. The plant extract showed analgesic activity in both hot plate latency and acetic acid induced-writhing tests. The extracts significantly increased the response time in the animals compared to the negative control. In the hot plate latency test, the analgesic activity of the extracts and that of morphine rose over time to peak at 90 minutes and then decreased afterwards. In the acetic acid-induces writhing test, administration of the plant extracts significantly reduced the number of abdominal contractions compared to the negative control. The percentage inhibitions of abdominal contractions were 67.2, 46.5 and 39.4 for methanol, DCM and n -hexane extracts respectively. The findings from this study have confirmed the folkloric information that extracts from C. floribunda have analgesic properties. We therefore recommend the extracts from the plant for use in pain management. Further studies should be carried out to isolate and characterize the analgesic principles from the plant. Keywords: Conyza floribunda , Toxicity test, Analgesic activity, Hot plate test, Writhing test DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-12-01 Publication date: June 30 th 2021
Highlights
Traditional medicine still plays an important role in meeting the primary healthcare needs of a large proportion of population in Africa (WHO, 2014; Jeruto et al 2017; Opiyo 2021; Opiyo et al 2021)
3.1 Toxicity effect of extracts Signs of change, intoxication and sudden death in the test animals were monitored for 2 hours after administration (i.p) of the plant extracts and the control
The results show that doses of the plant extracts of 50, 100 and 150 mg per kg body weight did not cause any noticeable hypoactivity, drowsiness or tachycardia the mice
Summary
Traditional medicine still plays an important role in meeting the primary healthcare needs of a large proportion of population in Africa (WHO, 2014; Jeruto et al 2017; Opiyo 2021; Opiyo et al 2021). Many researchers have focused on authenticating the efficacy of medicinal plant extracts through in-vivo and in-vitro experiments (Opiyo 2011, 2019; Opiyo et al 2015, 2017; Ochieng et al 2017; Kuria and Opiyo 2020). Such studies have resulted in to the identification of important biologically active terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids and quinones (Manguro et al 2009; Opiyo et al 2011a, 2011b). The present study reports the analgesic activity of n-hexane, dichloromethane and MeOH extracts of Conyza floribunda
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