Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Evidence suggests a strong association between oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, anal high-grade intraepithelial lesions and the development of anal cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of anal intraepithelial lesions in women with cervical neoplasia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 324 HIV-negative women with intraepithelial or invasive cervical neoplasia to identify anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and risk factors associated. All the women were submitted to anal cytology and high-resolution anoscopy (HRA). RESULTS: The prevalence of AIN was 11% (n=37) with 4% of these cases consisting of high-grade lesions. The factors that remained associated with AIN in the multivariate analysis were age ≥36 (OR: 4.55; IC 95%:1.63-12.72; p< 0.001), ≤4 years of schooling (OR: 3.04; IC 95%:1.07-8.62; p=0.03), abnormal anal cytology (OR: 5.96; IC 95%:1.96-18.09 p < 0.001), a vulvoscopy finding of subclinical HPV lesion (OR: 6,94; IC 95%: 1.08-44.55; p= 0,04) and abnormal HRA findings (OR: 7.16; IC 95%:2.63-19.51; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of AIN is high in HIV-negative women with cervical neoplasia. Screening for anal cancer in women with cervical neoplasia should be performed regardless of HIV status.
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