Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase (Orchidaceae) на луках Полтавщини

Abstract

The bіoecologіcal peculiarities of Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M.W. Chase (Orchidaceae) are given. By its geographic element A. palustris belongs to Western Paleoarctic species, by floristic complex – to the wetland group, in relation to moisture – hygrophytes ecological group, to substrate – halophytes group, by a variety of ecotops – hemistenotopic species, by its Raunkiaer’s life form – to cryptophytes. Its phytosozological category is 2A (rare, ecotopic). A. palustris refers to the group of beautifully flowering representatives and is included in the third edition of the Red Book of Ukraine. The stages of ontogenesis of the species was studied. The age-range of the species in specific areas was characterized. The status of specific populations in the meadows of Poltava region was clarified. It was found the fluctuations in the number of individuals in the species populations and the main reasons for these changes, that are most often anthropogenic factors and sometimes adverse weather conditions. Monitoring studies showed the reduction in the number of all age stages of the species and general decrease in their number at the surveyed areas. The possible ways of restoration and preservation are analyzed. It is emphasized the nature reservation of the species habitat, the possibility of preservation of the species on withdrawn from agricultural cultivation lands. Thanks to the introduction of a temporary nature protection regime the restoration and reproduction of soil fertility and enrichment of nutrients take place. The introduction and reintroduction, which have certain difficulties with regard to orchids, can be also important for restoration of populations of rare species. Under the basic requirements for conducting the reintroductional work this approach ensures the creation of duplicative habitats of species threatened with extinction.