Abstract
IntroductionThe abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) is a source of public concern because of their adverse effects. Supratherapeutic doses of AASs are known to be hepatotoxic and regulate the lipoproteins in plasma by modifying the metabolism of lipids in the liver, which is associated with metabolic diseases. However, the effect of AASs on the profile of lipids in plasma is unknown.ObjectivesTo describe the changes in the plasma lipidome exerted by AASs and to discuss these changes in the light of previous research about AASs and de novo lipogenesis in the liver.MethodsWe treated male Wistar rats with supratherapeutic doses of nandrolone decanoate and testosterone undecanoate. Subsequently, we isolated the blood plasma and performed lipidomics analysis by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.ResultsLipid profiling revealed a decrease of sphingolipids and glycerolipids with palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, and oleic acids. In addition, lipid profiling revealed an increase in free fatty acids and glycerophospholipids with odd-numbered chain fatty acids and/or arachidonic acid.ConclusionThe lipid profile presented herein reports the imprint of AASs on the plasma lipidome, which mirrors the downregulation of de novo lipogenesis in the liver. In a broader perspective, this profile will help to understand the influence of androgens on the lipid metabolism in future studies of diseases with dysregulated lipogenesis (e.g. type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma).
Highlights
The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) is a source of public concern because of their adverse effects
All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Swedish Legislation on Animals Experimentation (Animal Welfare Act SFS 1998:56) and Anabolic androgenic steroids exert a selective remodeling of the plasma lipidome that mirrors
Except for FA(16:1), nandrolone decanoate exhibited a trend to increase the concentration free fatty acids in plasma, as the averages of the fold changes were positive (Fig. 1). This indicates that the increase provoked by nandrolone decanoate on plasma free fatty acids is general and not specific for any lipid
Summary
The abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) is a source of public concern because of their adverse effects. Androgens play a key role in embryo development and have an essential impact on the growth and development of the male reproductive system (Mooradian et al 1987) They exert multiple effects on different physiological processes by the activation of the androgen receptor (Matsumoto et al 2013; Mauvais-Jarvis 2011) and subsequent transcription of targeted genes (Lee and Chang 2003). Abuse of AASs is believed to be widespread among bodybuilders because supratherapeutic doses of synthetic AASs enhance athletic performance and physical appearance (Kanayama et al 2010). Such high doses of AASs entail behavioral changes, cardiovascular incidents,. The effects of supratherapeutic doses of AASs are a source of public concern
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