An updated review on the nanofluids characteristics

Abstract

Nanofluids have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years considerably. Due to the increasing number of articles on nanofluids, they need to be reviewed. Thermal conductivity is one of the most important properties of nanofluids. There are many methods for preparing nanoparticles and nanofluids that are used by numerous researchers in their experimental studies. There are also several different approaches to measure nanoparticles thermal conductivity (NPTC). In this article, the methods for preparing nanoparticles are discussed. Further, nanofluid preparation methods are studied. Subsequently, the papers in which NPTC has been considered are briefly reviewed and some explanations are provided for hybrid nanofluids. Finally, a variety of methods for measuring NPTC are considered. In existing methods, the hot-wire method is the most widely used, and most researchers have employed this method to measure the NPTC.