Abstract
Krukenbergtumor is a metastatic ovarian tumor with its primary site being the gastrointestinal tract. The pathogenesis of Krukenberg tumor formation is still in its hypothetical stage though the current understanding suggests lymphatic, hematogenous and transcoelomic route as the 3 major route of metastasis. There is a lack of description in the literature related to the pathway of metastasis. Here, we intend to search the available literature and provide a thorough review, which may be helpful to the readers to understand the issue of mechanism of Krukenberg tumor metastasis more clearly.
Highlights
Krukenberg tumor is a metastatic tumor of the ovary that originates from the gastrointestinal tract
Despite a century long establishment of metastatic nature of ovarian tumor, the metastatic pathway of tumor arising from gastrointestinal tract is still in its hypothetical stage [12]
It is crucial and essential to elucidate the mechanisms of Krukenberg tumor metastasis in order to improve the prognosis of such patients
Summary
Krukenberg tumor is a metastatic tumor of the ovary that originates from the gastrointestinal tract. The characteristic this kind of tumor shows is the presence of mucin-filled signet-ring cells, which account for at least 10% of the tumor [1]. Some studies have shown stomach cancer to be primary site in about 70% of Krukenberg tumor cases [5]. Due to the detection of original tumor at advanced stage majority of the cases may involve mixed metastatic pathways. Especially lymphatic spread is widely believed to play the possible role in cancer metastasis from primary gastrointestinal site to the ovaries [10]
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