Abstract
Arterio-ureteral fistula is an uncommon diagnosis with a high rate of mortality. An early diagnosis is the key for a successful treatment and should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with unexplained hematuria. We report a clinical case and a review of the literature.
Highlights
Arterio-ureteral fistulas occur rarely, but an early detection and treatment are essential because they are often life-threatening
The patient suddenly starts with monosymptomatic gross hematuria
He had a previous urological history of ureteral stricture treated by means of a double J ureteral stent a month ago
Summary
The arterio-ureteral fistula is a rare entity, but it can be lifethreatening. This condition should be considered in patients with unexplained hematuria with risk factors associated. Studies like angiography or ureteral contrast test can diagnose the fistula, especially when active bleeding is present. The treatment requires a multidisciplinary cooperation, taking into account the endovascular approach as far as possible
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