An Unpublished Stela of Kharu and his wife Ty in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo (Temp. No. 11.1.25.7) لوحة غیر منشورة للمدعو خارو و زوجته تی فى المتحف المصری بالقاهرة (رقم مؤقت 11.1.25.7)

Abstract

The rock art in the wadi Nasib are among the most important archaeological sites in South Sinai because The valley contained various inscriptions dating back to the prehistoric period until The new kingdom. It was discovered by the South Sinai Antiquities area. It includes many different incised and engraved rock inscriptions, where most of the Rock Art suffer from different phenomena of deterioration reaching disintegrating and cracking. Some of methods of examinations and analysis were done on the rock art case study, such as the Stereo-Microscope, polarized microscope PLM, Scanning Electron Microscope SEM-EDX, X-ray fluorescence XRF and X-ray diffraction XRD to know the mineral composition and its changes that occurred and explain the manifestations of the deterioration of the rock inscriptions in Wadi Nasib in South Sinai. The research proved that the rock inscriptions suffer from different phenomena of deterioration as fracture, cracking, scaling, peeling, fragmentation, honey comb, crystallization of salts on the surface and inside cracks, as well as weakness and fragile of sandstone being poor mineral composition, and decomposition of cementing material due to physio-chemical weathering processes, and because of falling The rock, which carries many inscriptions by mechanical weathering and Earthquakes, the man-made deterioration is the writings on the surface of the rock art with a sharp instrument or writing with the soot or chalk due to the poor archaeological awareness of the people, most phenomena of physio-chemical deterioration to the stone art in wadi Nasib is Direct and indirect dynamic and static deterioration factors being the site is a desert environment . Based on the results of scientific studies , The results of tests and analysis and Field survey, The restoration and conservation of rock art from the registration , documentation and the restoration have done by selection of suitable materials and methods appropriating to the nature of the damage of rock inscriptions in South Sinai, such as the use of mechanical cleaning methods with hand tools and chemical cleaning method where a mixture of acetone and Toluene ratio of 1: 2 was used to remove the clay soil sediments, mechanically and chemically extraction of salts are done using a poultice of distilled water then EDTA, and consolidating of rock art using The mixture of Nano Silica and Wacker H by Methods of spraying and brushing. The Research finds the need to raise the archaeological awareness of the people and specialists as one of the tools for preserving the rock art in Sinai , Rehabilitating the site and its developing for sustainable development, and placing it on the tourist map because it represents archaeological and historical importance in South Sinai. تتناول هذه الدراسة اللوحة الجنائزية للمدعو خارو و زوجته. اللوحة، التى توجد حاليا فى الطابق السفلي بالمتحف المصري بالقاهرة (رقم مؤقت 11.1.25.7)، تعود إلى عصر الرعامسة، بينما مصدرها الأصلي غير مؤکد. تشتمل اللوحة على ثلاثة أقسام، تصور صاحب اللوحة مع عائلته أمام أوزيريس، وإيزيس، وإلهة شجرة الجميز. وتهدف الدراسة إلى فهم أفضل للتقسيم الموضوعي لهذه اللوحة الجنائزية وتحديد صاحبها وعائلته.