Abstract
Planck constant is thought to belong to the universal constants among the fundamental physical constants. However, this paper demonstrates that, just like the fine-structure constant α and the Rydberg constant R ∞ , Planck constant belongs to the micro material constants. This paper also identifies the existence of a constant smaller than Planck constant. This new constant is a physical quantity with dimensions of angular momentum, just like the Planck constant. Furthermore, this paper points out the possibility that an unknown energy level, which cannot be explained with quantum mechanics, exists in the hydrogen atom.
Highlights
In 1900, when deriving a equation matching experimental values for black-body radiation, M
This paper points out the possibility that an unknown energy level, which cannot be explained with quantum mechanics, exists in the hydrogen atom
We show that Planck constant is not a universal constant but is instead just a micro material constants on a par with the fine-structure constant α and the Rydberg constant R∞
Summary
In 1900, when deriving a equation matching experimental values for black-body radiation, M. Planck proposed the quantum hypothesis that the energy of a harmonic oscillator with frequency ν is quantized into integral multiple of hν. This was the first time that Planck constant h appeared in physics theory. Fundamental physical constants play an essential part in elementary equations describing natural phenomena and can be broadly divided into universal constants and material constants. Micro material constants can be divided into physical quantities and constants. In deriving the equation for the energy levels of the hydrogen atom, Bohr assumed the following quantum condition including the Planck constant: pn ⋅ 2πrn = 2πn , n = 1, 2,⋅⋅⋅. The section of this paper examines whether Planck constant can truly be called a universal constant
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