Abstract
Due to the significant multipath and Doppler effects in the underwater acoustic (UWA) channel, the quality of the received signal is degraded, which seriously affects the performance of UWA communication. The paper proposes a time reversal UWA communication method combined with a symbol-based Doppler compensation (SBDC) technique to solve those problems. A single element time reversal mirror (TRM) is used to realize channel equalization and mitigate the inter-symbol interference (ISI) resulting from multipath propagation. The SBDC technique is subsequently used to compensate Doppler effects in the received signal, thereby reducing the bit error rate (BER) and improving the communication performance. In order to verify the performance of the proposed communication method, some simulations with real sounding channels were performed. Moreover, a field UWA communication experiment was conducted in the Songhua River (Harbin, China). The UWA communication experiment achieves nearly error-free performance with a communication rate of 100 bit/s in the bandwidth of 2 kHz. The results of the experiment demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the proposed UWA communication method.
Highlights
Multipath spreads and Doppler effects make underwater acoustic (UWA) channels some of the most challenging wireless communication environments [1,2]
time reversal mirror (TRM)-SBDCcommunication communicationmethod methodproposed proposed in the paper, an communication experiment was conducted in the Harbin, in in the paper, an UWA communication experiment was conducted in the Songhua River in Harbin, May
Doppler effects lead to a large number of decoding errors, but the performance of each experimental scene is greatly improved after the symbol-based Doppler compensation (SBDC) processing, indicating that the TRM-SBDC
Summary
Multipath spreads and Doppler effects make UWA channels some of the most challenging wireless communication environments [1,2]. The large multipath spreads cause severe ISI, degrading the quality of communication signal. In an effort to improve the performance of UWA communication, the received signal requires channel equalization processing and Doppler compensation. The temporal compression recombines the multipath signal and mitigates ISI, while the spatial focusing improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). TRM combined with a single-channel decision feedback equalizer (DFE) was put Sensors 2018, 18, 3279; doi:10.3390/s18103279 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors. TRM combined with a single-channel decision feedback equalizer (DFE) was put forward to eliminate the residual ISI and achieves achieves nearly nearly optimal optimal performance performance in in theory theory [2,10,11,12].
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