An ultrasensitive ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor based on metal-organic frameworks and nanoflower-like Bi2CuO4 for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 detection

Abstract

An ultra-sensitive ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor was constructed based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and bimetallic oxides for the detection of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a breast cancer marker. The aluminum metal-organic framework (Al-MOF) and cerium-metal-organic framework (Ce-MOF) have higher specific surface area, which is conducive to load more aptamers or complementary DNA (cDNA), and realize the amplification of internal reference signal Fc. Furthermore, nanoflower-like bismuth copper oxide (Bi2CuO4) with abundant active sites was introduced to modify more aptamers on its surface, which were then fixed to the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to amplify the detection signal. The quantitative detection of HER2 was achieved by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Zeta potential analyzer, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor based on nanomaterial and chain displacement signal amplification technology could discern HER2 in a very wide range (0.001–20.0 ng/mL) with an extremely low detection limit (0.049 pg/mL) and has demonstrated good performance in clinical serum analysis. This strategy also provides a feasible idea for sensitive analysis of other clinical tumor markers.