Abstract
An ultra-low-power K-band LC-VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) with a wide tuning range is proposed in this paper. Based on the current-reuse topology, a dynamic back-gate-biasing technique is utilized to reduce power consumption and increase tuning range. With this technique, small dimension cross-coupled pairs are allowed, reducing parasitic capacitors and power consumption. Implemented in SMIC 55 nm 1P7M CMOS process, the proposed VCO achieves a frequency tuning range of 19.1% from 22.2 GHz to 26.9 GHz, consuming only 1.9 mW–2.1 mW from 1.2 V supply and occupying a core area of 0.043 mm2. The phase noise ranges from −107.1 dBC/HZ to −101.9 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset over the whole tuning range, while the total harmonic distortion (THD) and output power achieve −40.6 dB and −2.9 dBm, respectively.
Highlights
To demand the high data rate of a wireless communication system, millimeter wave is the most promising candidate due to its wide available bandwidth [1]
voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) occupy most power consumption in PLLs, of which more than half comes from oscillators
VCOs have evolved from a single LC-tank to the multi-resonant tank [4,5,6]
Summary
To demand the high data rate of a wireless communication system, millimeter wave (mm-wave) is the most promising candidate due to its wide available bandwidth [1]. Multi-core VCOs are an area of focus in mm-wave [11,12] which can achieve a wide tuning range and a low phase noise but with the cost of complicated design flow, power consumption and die area. At the same smaller dimension negative cross-coupled pairs are allowed, which can significa duce power dissipation and parasitic capacitance This technique uses the asymm the output in current-reuse topology, so an error voltage can be extracted from ind with central tap and fed back to bulk. The behavior model is shown to explain the prin d2.yDnaesmiginc abnadckA-ngaalytesi-sboiaf sCiRng_VtCecOhnique In this part, the topology of the proposed current-reuse VCO will be briefly intro-. IonftMhisNw1aya,nthdreMshPol1d, but co mvooltraegepcoawn eber dceocnresausmedpttoiobono.sTt tohesotrlavnesctohnidsupctraonbcleeomf M, eNx1traancdtiMngP1e, rbruotrcovnoslutmagees (i.e., tmheorceepnotwraelr tcaopnsiusmupsteiodn.toTodsyonlvaemthiicsapllryobaledmju, setxtbraucltkinsgoefrrMorNv1oaltnadgeM(i.Pe1.., TVEh)efrdoemtailed p wwthiiellllcbebenetdrdaislicstuacspuseissdsueisndetdihnteontdheyxentnasemecxitcitoasnlley. cDatdiuojeuntso.t DbthuuelkeasstoyofmMtmhNee1traaiscnydomuMtmpPu1e.t tTwrhiaecvdeoefuotartimpleu,dRtpswriisnaucvispeefldeorm, Rs ttoo rreelliieevveethtehperopbrloembleamnd aVnCdOVopCeOratoespienrcautrersenint-lcimuirtreednmt-oldime [i7t]e.d mode [7]
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