Abstract
Migration flows affecting Europe over recent years have generated a wave of solidarity but also fear and threats. European countries are divided into host countries or countries of transit due to their economic attractiveness but from the beginning, it was clear that asylum policies were far from similar and insufficiently flexible. Although Romania is considered as one of the transit countries for immigrants heading to Western Europe and it has not been confronted with an influx of refugees, it has developed specific policies in line with the acquis communautaire in order to be prepared for any situation of influx. The purpose of this research is to assess how asylum policies have been implemented in Romania and what improvements are necessary in order for them to become more sustainable. In Romania’s case, we used a SWOT analysis in our research methodology. This study aims to address relevant topics regarding the recent increasing trends of asylum applications and to analyse how the asylum policies in Romania can generate an adequate response. Furthermore, specialized institutions may consider our recommendations on how to improve the management of the asylum system in Romania.
Highlights
Migration is a phenomenon that has always existed, starting with the great Greek colonization and the Roman conquests and continuing today, being a challenge that requires an integrated management system in all countries of the world
Fears have been expressed that this could favour the anti-European political parties and movements. This idea is strongly supported by the dramatic increase in the percentage of Romanians who are against receiving refugees in Romania: from 52.6% in September 2015 to more than 75.8% in December 2015 [7]
Resulting from actions implemented at national level, the dynamics of the beneficiaries of international protection following the integration program increased by 477% from 2014 until 2017 and could gradually turn Romania from a country of transit to one of destination
Summary
Migration is a phenomenon that has always existed, starting with the great Greek colonization and the Roman conquests and continuing today, being a challenge that requires an integrated management system in all countries of the world. Fears have been expressed that this could favour the anti-European political parties and movements This idea is strongly supported by the dramatic increase in the percentage of Romanians who are against receiving refugees in Romania: from 52.6% in September 2015 to more than 75.8% in December 2015 [7]. Against a negative background to Romanians’ attitude towards immigration, the year 2017 brought an increase of 151% in asylum applications compared to 2016, raising questions about new immigration routes at the border with Serbia and the Black Sea. on a national and international level a question has arisen: how prepared is Romania for a wave of refugees and how the national migration policies may sustain an efficient management of the phenomenon? Relevant authorities may use the results of our work to improve their strategies especially when facing the events that generate a state of crisis
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