An overview of the efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole for the treatment of schizophrenia in adolescents

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction The onset of psychotic symptoms occurs prior to age 19 in 39% of the patients with schizophrenia. There are limited approved treatment options for adolescents with schizophrenia. Brexpiprazole was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of schizophrenia in adolescents in 2022. Areas covered Extrapolation of adult data to youth and use of pharmacologic modeling coupled with open long-term safety data were used by the FDA to approve brexpiprazole for adolescent schizophrenia. They were all reviewed herein. Expert opinion D2 receptor partial agonist antipsychotic agents are preferred in the early phase of treatment of psychotic disorders. Approval of brexpiprazole in adolescent schizophrenia provides an additional option. Brexpiprazole was approved by the FDA on the basis of extrapolation of adult data without controlled trials in adolescents. This reduces placebo exposure in young people. Two previous agents (asenapine and ziprasidone) approved for adult schizophrenia failed to separate from placebo in adolescent schizophrenia studies; this partially undermines the process of extrapolation. For brexpiprazole, the paucity of data in adolescents relegates it to a second-line agent. More research on brexpiprazole is needed to delineate its relative role in the management of adolescent schizophrenia.