Abstract
The New World Screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is one of the most damaging parasites of livestock, causing millions of dollars in annual losses to producers. The fly is an obligate parasite of warm-blooded animals, including humans. After a successful 50-year eradication campaign, C. hominivorax has been eradicated from the USA, Mexico and Central America by an area-wide integrated pest management approach. Recently, Caribbean and South American countries have expressed an interest in this approach. Aiming to support forthcoming projects in these countries, this review describes the main technical components of past and ongoing AW-IPM campaigns against C. hominivorax.
Highlights
The New World Screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is an obligate parasite of warm-blooded animals, causing primary myiasis in pre-existing wounds
After a successful 50-year eradication campaign, the NWS had been eradicated from the USA and Central America by an area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) approach and this pest is currently present only in parts of the Caribbean (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago) and South America [14]
Aiming to support forthcoming projects in Caribbean and South America, this review describes the main technical components of AW-IPM campaigns against C. hominivorax
Summary
The New World Screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is an obligate parasite of warm-blooded animals, causing primary myiasis in pre-existing wounds. Mature larvae leave the animal and pupate in the soil and the entire life cycle can be a short as 20 days under optimal environmental conditions [1±3]. Other consequences of screwworm infestations are increased costs to the producer with veterinary services, labor with surveillance and animal management. After a successful 50-year eradication campaign, the NWS had been eradicated from the USA and Central America by an area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) approach and this pest is currently present only in parts of the Caribbean (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago) and South America (except Chile) [14]. Aiming to support forthcoming projects in Caribbean and South America, this review describes the main technical components (e.g., traps, attractants, animal management, pesticides, and sterile insects, among others) of AW-IPM campaigns against C. hominivorax
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