Abstract
This overview paper is intended to serve as an introduction to the order papers in this session. It will discuss some definitions of high‐resolution sonar in terms of sonar acoustical parameters and in terms of target imaging. Several genetic types of sonars (forward scanning, side scanning, etc.) will be described and a brief history of the development of each during the past 40 years will be presented. Various techniques to achieve high cross‐range resolution for target imaging will be emphasized. These include large real apertures, synthetic aperture arrays, nonlinear parametric arrays, monopulse techniques, and interferometer arrangements. Techniques for target classification (target size and shape, shadow size and shape, target strength, and resonances) will be described briefly. The status of research on target echo structure and the ocean environment in support of the development of high resolution sonar will be summarized briefly. Some of the applications (both naval and civilian) for such sonars will be enumerated.
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