An Overview of Gut Microbiome Studies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a complex disorder marked by ongoing inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Its intricate connection with the gut's microbial makeup is a significant aspect of its pathology. This detailed investigation delves into the interaction between IBD and gut microbiota, underscoring the crucial role of microbial imbalance in the development of this condition. A thorough comparative examination of the gut microbiota in individuals with and without IBD reveals notable differences. Special attention is given to Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) for their influence on intestinal barrier function and immune regulation. The study also assesses the efficacy of microbial intervention strategies like probiotics, prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), and butyrate supplementation. These findings illuminate the potential of microbiome-focused treatments in reshaping gut flora, pointing to a new direction in IBD management. The paper concludes by proposing a holistic treatment approach that integrates dietary changes with novel therapeutic methods. This research significantly advances our understanding of the gut microbiome's function in IBD, offering novel insights and avenues for more effective management and treatment strategies.