Abstract
In this study, current geographic information system (GIS)-based methods and their application for the modeling and assessment of mining-induced hazards were reviewed. Various types of mining-induced hazard, including soil contamination, soil erosion, water pollution, and deforestation were considered in the discussion of the strength and role of GIS as a viable problem-solving tool in relation to mining-induced hazards. The various types of mining-induced hazard were classified into two or three subtopics according to the steps involved in the reclamation procedure, or elements of the hazard of interest. Because GIS is appropriated for the handling of geospatial data in relation to mining-induced hazards, the application and feasibility of exploiting GIS-based modeling and assessment of mining-induced hazards within the mining industry could be expanded further.
Highlights
Mining within a sustainable framework is important for the welfare of human beings
When compared against an independent validation data set, the results showed that the applications of ordinary Kriging (OK) to both Inductively Coupled Plasma–Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP–AES)
Annual rainfall data, the K factor is determined according to the soil series, the LS factor is computed from slope length and slope derived from the digital elevation models (DEMs), the C factor is calculated from the land cover map, and the P factor is derived according to the slope and the cultivation condition
Summary
Mining within a sustainable framework is important for the welfare of human beings. the mining industry has often been perceived negatively because it can be hazardous to both public health and safety, and cause damage to the surrounding environment, including the land, soil, water, and forests at local, regional, and global levels [1]. The purpose of this study was to review the GIS-based methods and applications currently used for the modeling and assessment of mining-induced hazards associated with soil, water, and forest. Other mine hazards, such as subsidence, slope failure, gases, and abandoned facilities, were excluded in the review in this study. If appropriate reclamation measures are not implemented during the closure phase, various mine-related hazards that occurred during the preceding phases could remain present at an abandoned site, even after closure These mining hazards could have direct, distinct, and long-lasting effects both on the physical environment and on human health
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