An overview of genotype x environment interaction and yield stability analysis in applied plant breeding: great emphasis given to coffee (Coffea arabica L.)

Wakuma Merga Sakata

doi:10.3329/ijarit.v11i2.57264

Abstract

The inconsistence of genotypes across location during plant breeding is the major challenges to the breeder. That is the differential response of genotypes to different environment. Meanwhile stability is the ability of a genotype to withstand stressful conditions and yet be able to produce yield. Thus, stability is an absolute and relative measure. Arabica coffee has location specific adaptation nature and that leads to highly significant instability in its breeding program. In the study of coffee bean yield stability cultivars tested at multi- locations within the domain of coffee growing ecologies of Ethiopia, showed a significant genotype x environment interaction. The review of previous research also indicated inconsistent effects of genotype x environment interaction on cup quality. Yield-stability analysis is very important in measuring cultivar stability and suitability for growing crops across seasons and agro-ecological region to identify stable genotype. The yield stability have been challenge to the plant breeders and biometricians, it complicates the selection of superior genotypes. It is important to minimize the usefulness of the genotype across environments for selecting. Since approach of plant breeding is to develop genotypes that are, optimum for the condition under which they will be grown breeders have to manage yield instability throughout formalized procedures of plant breeding. During stability measurement if the variance is found to be significant, various methods of measuring the stability of genotypes can be used to identify the stable genotype(s). Most of stability analysis parameters are briefly discussed in this review. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 117-123, Dec 2021

Highlights

Genotype by environment interaction refers to the differential responses of genotypes across environments (Bavandpori et al, 2015)
The objective of this paper is to review Genotype by Environmental interaction and stability analysis in plant breeding by giving more emphasis to Arabica coffee
A combined analysis of variance procedure is the most common method used to identify the existence of GEI from replicated multiplication trials

Summary

Introduction

Genotype by environment interaction refers to the differential responses of genotypes across environments (Bavandpori et al, 2015). The repeatable genotype by environment interactions resulted change the ranking of genotypes across environments, and are meaningful for the specific breeding strategy (Sabaghnia et al, 2008) It is common for economically importance quantitative traits. A biometrical genetics definition of GEI refers to a genotype-specific sensitivity to environmental exposure of an organism (Fisher et al, 1932). They were not convinced that GEI was an important influence on traits and treated it as a nuisance because they found that he could remove GEI through a simple transformation of the scale of the environment

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Methods

Conclusion