Abstract
Santa Rosa Island community members derive their income and livelihoods from bio-aquatic resources, principally bivalves of the genus Anadara, both for subsistence use and commercial purposes. Bivalve mollusks have a sedentary lifestyle and feed by filtering water, meaning they absorb all surrounding substances, including harmful elements like toxic metals. This study aimed to analyze different-sized samples of Anadara tuberculosa and Anadara similis, sediment, and Rhizophora mangle leaves to determine their total amount of cadmium, lead, and chromium as a first approach to the evaluation of the health risk related to the consumption of bivalves. For both species from four sampling sites, the results revealed metal concentrations in the bivalves between 0.211 and 0.948 mg·kg-1, 0.038 and 0.730 mg·kg-1, and 0.067 and 0.923 mg·kg-1 for Cd, Cr, and Pb, respectively. The calculated potential risk (>1) for cadmium, considering all body weights, showed a high health risk for consumers. In the case of lead, the results showed a high health risk in children. There was no risk found for chromium. For sediments, the mean values were 2.14, 29.99, and 12.37 mg·kg-1 and for the Rhizophora mangle leaves were 2.23, 4.22, and 3.35 mg·kg-1 for Cd, Cr, and Pb, respectively. These results did not show a relation with the metal content in bivalves.
Highlights
IntroductionAnthropogenic activities resulting from, urban and agricultural industrialization development, and waste disposal, have led to the increase of chemical pollution in coastal and marine ecosystems (da Silveira Fiori et al, 2018; Esposito et al, 2018)
Over the past decades, anthropogenic activities resulting from, urban and agricultural industrialization development, and waste disposal, have led to the increase of chemical pollution in coastal and marine ecosystems
This study aims to: a) determine the concentration of Cd, Cr, and Pb in REMACAM bivalves (A. tuberculosa and A. similis), and b) assess the health risks associated with these metals by consuming Anadara spp
Summary
Anthropogenic activities resulting from, urban and agricultural industrialization development, and waste disposal, have led to the increase of chemical pollution in coastal and marine ecosystems (da Silveira Fiori et al, 2018; Esposito et al, 2018). Coastal zones with river inflows are the most affected due to the continuous drag of contaminants, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead Content in Bivalves which constantly accumulate in marine sediments and organisms. Marine organisms such as bivalves that inhabit the coasts are more likely to be exposed to high levels of contaminants, including trace metals. Mangroves are one of the most complex ecosystems in the world and are located in tropical and subtropical regions of terrestrial environments, estuaries, and near marine coasts. While there are no accurate estimates of the original cover, there is a consensus that it would have been over 200,000 km and that considerably more than 50,000 km or one-quarter of original mangrove cover has been lost because of human intervention (Spalding et al, 2010)
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