An Overview of Biomass Gasification

Negative CO2 emissions in biomass gasification process with hybrid amine-deep eutectic solvents

This study was focusing on the simulation of the biomass (coffee bean husk and rice husk) gasification process based on the kinetics of the gasifier and to investigate the produced syngas composition. The ASPEN PLUS simulator was used to investigate the effect of operating parameters on composition of product gas. The gasification process usually begins with the drying process, and then followed by pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process leads to breaking down of the biomass into solid matter, gaseous mixture (mainly CO2, CO, CH4 and H2) and liquid matter. The main focus on biomass gasification process is to efficiently convert the entire char constituent into gaseous product of the syngas by using either steam or CO2. The simulations include; gasification temperature, pressure, reactor volume, Equivalence ratio and moisture content have been investigated. From the result of sensitivity analysis increase the temperature the production of H2 and CO and the increase of moisture content of the biomass the lower heating value of the producer gas decrease. Based on the obtained result the maximum lower heating value of syngas was obtained at the gasification temperature of 8000C, steam to biomass ratio of 0.1, pressure of 1 bar, 0.05 of moisture content and 0.02 m3 of reactor volume.

Biomass gasification is one of the promising technologies for converting biomass into gaseous fuels. It is crucial to fully understand the influence of operation parameters and types of gasifier on the performance of biomass gasification. It also can provide useful information for a better design and operation of gasification process. The general overview on each types of gasifier are discussed where it can be classified into fixed bed and fluidized bed gasifiers. Most of the review from literature focuses more on the effects of temperature and equivalence ratio rather than gasifying agent. However, the review on the effect of gasifying agent is still limited whereas the effect of gasifying agent is also important as it influences the yield and composition of product gas. In the present work, the effects of gasifying agent, temperature and equivalence ratio on the gasification process were reviewed. Firstly, this article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each gasifiers which consists of fixed bed and fluidized bed. Based on review, a detailed comparison was made in terms of syngas composition obtained by using steam, air, oxygen and carbon dioxide as gasifying agents in order to provide basic knowledge regarding the selection of gasifying agents. The effects of temperature and equivalence ratio (ER) on the gas composition, tar content and reaction rate were discussed and analyzed. Finally, guidelines on the operation parameters in terms of gasifying agent, temperature and equivalence ratio are suggested in the summary review.

Investigation of integrated biomass pyrolysis and gasification process for green fuel production

Energy conversion performances during biomass air gasification process under microwave irradiation

Critical review on catalytic biomass gasification: State-of-Art progress, technical challenges, and perspectives in future development

The increasing demand for energy, reliance on fossil fuels, heightened environmental concerns, and the political commitments established in the Paris Climate Agreement drive the pursuit of new energy sources that are more sustainable and compatible with environmental protection. Biomass has emerged as a primary renewable energy resource, offering significant advantages in terms of its diversity, availability, and sustainability for meeting energy needs in heating, electricity generation, and biofuel production for transportation, among other applications. Various strategies have been explored for effectively utilizing biomass, ranging from biological to thermochemical conversion methods. Gasification is a thermochemical process recognized as one of the most effective methods for energy recovery from biomass, producing syngas primarily composed of hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), and methane (CH4). Currently, various parameters influencing the yield of product gas and the performance of the gasifier have garnered significant attention from researchers. This paper aims to review the theory and process of biomass gasification, including the different types of gasifiers. It compiles key operational and performance parameters of the gasification process, as well as their influence on gasification conditions and products. This approach seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of hydrogen-rich syngas production based on current technologies and industrial/commercialization pathways.

Process modeling for steam biomass gasification in a dual fluidized bed gasifier

Influence of bed material on biomass gasification in fluidized beds via a TFM-DEM hybrid model

The worldwide population growth and the technological advancements reported in the past few years have led to an increase in the production and consumption of energy. This has increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the primary driver of climate change. As a result, great attention has been paid to sustainable and green energy sources that can replace or reduce reliance on non-sustainable energy sources. Among the different types of renewable energy sources currently available, bioenergy has been reported as an attractive resource mainly due to its low cost and great availability. Bioenergy can be produced from different biomass sources and converted into biofuels or value-added products through thermochemical, biochemical, and chemical processes. Gasification is a thermochemical process commonly used for bioenergy production, and it is particularly attractive mainly due to its high efficiency. However, its performance is influenced by parameters such as type of feedstock, size of biomass particle, feed rate, type of reactor, temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio, steam to biomass ratio, gasification agent, catalyst, and residence time. In this paper, the influence of different performance parameters in the gasification process is analyzed, and optimization and modelling techniques are proposed as a strategy for product yield enhancement.

A biomass gasifier converts solid fuel such as wood waste, saw-dust briquettes and agro-residues into a gaseous fuel through a thermo-chemical process and the resultant gas can be used for thermal and power generation applications. The present research aims to evaluate the updraft biomass gasifier using different biomass for thermal application. The capacity of updraft gasifier was a 5-10 kg.h-1 and three types of biomass: maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes were used as fuel for producing producer gas by thermal application. The maximum carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2) and Methane (CH4) found were 14.8, 12.7 and 3.9%, 14.6, 13.7 and 3.9 % and 14.2, 13.5 and 3.9% at 5 kg.h-1 biomass consumption rate, respectively using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes as fuel. The maximum and minimum producer gas calorific value was found 1120 and 1034 kcal.m-3; 1139 and 1034 kcal.m-3 and 1123 and 1036 kcal.m-3 at biomass consumption rate of 5 and 10 kg.h-1 using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes as fuel respectively. The maximum gasifier efficiency of 77.94, 70.26 and 69.60% was found at the biomass consumption rate of 5 kg.h-1 using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes as fuel, respectively. The minimum gasifier efficiency of 72.72, 64.49 and 64.90 % was found at the biomass consumption rate of 10 kg.h-1 using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes as fuel in the system, respectively. The maximum overall thermal efficiency of 29.60, 30.65 and 23.69 % were found at the biomass consumption rates of 8, 7 and 7 kg.h-1 using maize cobs, sized wood and saw dust briquettes, respectively.

This paper aims to catch the influence of various operating conditions and catalyst addition on the property of gas product and tar evolution. The gasification of three local biomass samples (sawdust, peanut shell, and wheat straw) was performed using a fluidized bed gasification reactor, and the gas product and liquid tar were analyzed with gas chromatography (GC). First, the influence of biomass property, gasification temperature, and air equivalence ratio was investigated. The biomass feeding rate was set at ∼2.37 kg/h; the furnace temperature variant was between 750 and 850 °C; and the equivalence ratio (ER) was 0.15−0.35. It can be observed that a lower heating value (LHV) of gas product from sawdust is higher than peanut shell and straw, while the tar content is also much higher than the other two samples, which might be attributed to the high volatile content. At 800 °C, with the increase of ER, the gas yield increased rapidly from 1.14 to 1.93 m3/kg, while the LHV decreased from 7.09 to 3.26 MJ/m3. Meanwhile, the variation of ER also showed a great effect on tar species. With the increase in temperature, combustible gas content, gas yield, and LHV all increased significantly, while the tar content decreased sharply from 13.24 to 6.53 g/m3, which indicated that high temperature was favorable for biomass gasification. Then, three additives (dolomite, magnesite, and olivine) were introduced into the gasification process as catalyst for tar cracking. It is great for the upgrading of gas product quality, and tar removal efficiencies are all above 50%. It is significant for the development of biomass gasification technology.

Biomass gasification for energy purposes has several advantages, such as the mitigation of global warming and national energy independency. In the present work, the data from an innovative and intensified steam/oxygen biomass gasification process, integrating a gas filtration step directly inside the reactor, are presented. The produced gas at the outlet of the 1 MWth gasification pilot plant was analysed in terms of its main gaseous products (hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane) and contaminants. Experimental test sets were carried out at 0.25–0.28 Equivalence Ratio (ER), 0.4–0.5 Steam/Biomass (S/B), and 780–850 °C gasification temperature. Almond shells were selected as biomass feedstock and supplied to the reactor at approximately 120 and 150 kgdry/h. Based on the collected data, the in-vessel filtration system showed a dust removal efficiency higher than 99%-wt. A gas yield of 1.2 Nm3dry/kgdaf and a producer gas with a dry composition of 27–33%v H2, 23–29%v CO, 31–36%v CO2, 9–11%v CH4, and light hydrocarbons lower than 1%v were also observed. Correspondingly, a Low Heating Value (LHV) of 10.3–10.9 MJ/Nm3dry and a cold gas efficiency (CGE) up to 75% were estimated. Overall, the collected data allowed for the assessment of the preliminary performances of the intensified gasification process and provided the data to validate a simulative model developed through Aspen Plus software.

Particle behaviours of biomass gasification in a bubbling fluidized bed

Imposing versus Enacting Commitments for the Long‐Term Energy Transition: Perspectives from the Firm