An outline on the aetiopathological association of genetic polymorphisms in women with female genital tuberculosis

Abstract

The aetiopathological association of genetic polymorphisms in women with female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is not understood completely. This review summarises the role of gene polymorphisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection leading to infertility and switching on of the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) as well as the interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signalling mechanisms and attempts to give information on amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)–multi-gene (MG)/multi-primer (MP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study was conducted in the Department of Zoology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India. Desired articles for systematic reviews and meta-analysis strategies were used for the critically review. Keywords and internet searches were conducted in all electronic databases from the beginning of September 03, 2006 to July 07, 2017. Full-text, English language reviews and research articles based on FGTB, gene polymorphism and infertility were included. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the role of genetic polymorphism and mycobacterium infection in causing infertility, related symptoms and highlights the role of ARMS–MG/MP PCR for the detection of gene polymorphisms among infertile patients with FGTB. A total of 163 studies were recognised; only a minimum number of reviews (n = 4/163, 2.45%) scored well. A review on the association of genetic polymorphism in a well-characterised set of infertile patients with FGTB and healthy control women without tuberculosis was chosen as main outcome. This study noted that more research is needed to correlate mutations in TLR2 and IFN-γ along with the functional consequences of other factors and recommends considering the ARMS–MG/MP PCR for a rapid analysis of any known mutation in genomic deoxyribonucleic acid.