Abstract
A spontaneous outbreak of tuberculosis occurred in an isolated group of 21 baboons being used in an adenovirus type 12 oncogenesis study. Seventeen of the 21 animals were affected. Diagnosis was made by intradermal skin test, chest radiographs, and peripheral blood counts. Confirmation of the diagnosis was by gross and histopathology and culturing of the causative organism. Intradermal tuberculin skin tests were performed simultaneously in the eyelid (intrapalpebral) and abdomen. Fifteen of 16 baboons tested having tuberculosis showed significant reactions in the abdominal skin, whereas only 5 of the 16 had reactions in the eyelid. Infection was respiratory with extensive pathology in the pulmonary viscera. The pathology resembled that of simian tuberculosis, with miliary lesions in the spleen, liver, and in several cases, other abdominal viscera. It was characterized by caseation necrosis and an absence of calcification. Histologically, the lesions resembled the disease described in the great apes rather than the lower monkeys, with numerous Langhans giant cells. The causative organism resembled the human typeMycobacterium tuberculosis morphologically and culturally.
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