Abstract
Multi-area power systems inhere complicated nonlinear response, which results in degraded performance due to the insufficient damping. The main causes of the damping problems are the stochastic behavior of the renewable energy sources, loading conditions, and the variations of system parameters. The load frequency control (LFC) represents an essential element for controlling multi-area power systems. Therefore, the proper design of the controllers is mandatory for preserving reliable, stable and high-quality electrical power. The controller has to suppress the deviations of the area frequency in addition to the tie-line power. Therefore, this paper proposes a new frequency regulation method based on employing the hybrid fractional order controller for the LFC side in coordination with the fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller for the superconducting energy storage system (SMES) side. The hybrid controller is designed based on combining the FOPID and the tilt integral derivative (TID) controllers. In addition, the controller parameters are optimized through a new application of the manta ray foraging optimization algorithm (MRFO) for determining the optimum parameters of the LFC system and the SMES controllers. The optimally-designed controllers have operated cooperatively and hence the deviations of the area frequency and tie-line power are efficiently suppressed. The robustness of the proposed controllers is investigated against the variation of the power system parameters in addition to the location and/or magnitude of random/step load disturbances.
Highlights
W ORLDVIEW change toward more practical power systems has increased the concerns of renewable energy generations
This paper proposes a cooperative control scheme of a hybrid fractional order controller in the load frequency control (LFC) loop and SMES technology to enhance the stability of interconnected power systems
This coordinated control scheme is designed based on the manta ray foraging optimization algorithm (MRFO) algorithm as an effective optimization technique, which is employed to optimize the parameters of the hybrid LFC and SMES fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controllers
Summary
W ORLDVIEW change toward more practical power systems has increased the concerns of renewable energy generations. They have shown an improved dynamic performance regarding reference to the tracking and disturbance rejection functions This family of controllers can provide an optimized and powerful response for wide operating ranges for various processes, including nonlinear and stable/unstable processes. The effect of the combination of the (FOPID) and the tilt integral derivative (TID) controllers has not been tackled in the literature for LFC In this context, this paper proposes a new frequency regulation controller based on the hybrid FOPID-TID controller for the LFC side in coordination with the FOPID controller for SMES side in a multi-area power system. An enhanced cooperation is proposed between the proposed hybrid controller for LFC and the FOPID controller for the SMES as an energy storage source to smoothly mitigate the areas frequency deviations and the-line power fluctuations.
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