Abstract
Fuel economy is pursued by hybrid electric bus (HEB). However, a key challenge for a hybrid bus is to achieve near-optimality while keeping the energy management strategy (EMS) simple. In this paper, an EMS based on the Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP) is developed and implemented in ADVISOR. The designed EMS can successfully calculate the fuel consumption of the parallel HEB under the specific driving cycle. The simulation result suggests that the fuel economy of the hybrid electric bus with PMP-based control strategy is close to the benchmarking optimal solution calculated through DP, which is much better than the fuel economy of the parallel HEB with the default control strategy in ADVISOR. To sum up, the EMS based on PMP can improve the fuel economy by adjusting the engine operating point to reduce the exhaust emissions. Simultaneously, it can also extend the battery life by maintaining the battery state of charge at an appropriate level.
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