Abstract
We present an optically pumped magnetometer working in a new operational mode—the light-shift dispersed Mz (LSD-Mz) mode. It is realized combining various features; (1) high power off-resonant optical pumping; (2) Mz configuration, where pumping light and magnetic field of interest are oriented parallel to each other; (3) use of small alkali metal vapor cells of identical properties in integrated array structures, where two such cells are pumped by circularly polarized light of opposite helicity; and (4) subtraction of the Mz signals of these two cells. The LSD-Mz magnetometer’s performance depends on the inherent and very complex interplay of input parameters. In order to find the configuration of optimal magnetometer resolution, a sensitivity analysis of the input parameters by means of Latin Hypercube Sampling was carried out. The resulting datasets of the multi-dimensional parameter space exploration were assessed by a subsequent physically reasonable interpretation. Finally, the best shot-noise limited magnetic field resolution was determined within that parameter space. As the result, using two 50 mm3 integrated vapor cells a magnetic field resolution below 10 fT/√Hz at Earth’s magnetic field strength is possible.
Highlights
Magnetic field measurement is an important issue in various fields of science
Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) can reach noise-limited magnetic field resolutions of Bn < 1 fT/ Hz [11,12], but need cryogenic cooling for operation optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) [13] have been used in magnetometry since several decades [14]
In this paper we present a newly developed operational mode of OPM which we named Light-Shift Dispersed Mz (LSD-Mz) mode
Summary
Magnetic field measurement is an important issue in various fields of science. This covers. SQUIDs can reach noise-limited magnetic field resolutions of Bn < 1 fT/ Hz [11,12], but need cryogenic cooling for operation optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) [13] have been used in magnetometry since several decades [14]. In the Mz mode, a change in DC light absorption is observed It has best resolution when magnetic field and pumping beam are parallel to each other. A prominent solution for the suppression of this spin-exchange relaxation, found by Kominis et al [28], is the SERF magnetometer (SERF = spin-exchange relaxation-free), where very high atomic density n is combined with very low ambient magnetic field magnitude B0 These SERF magnetometers offer an ultimate resolution in the 1 fT/ Hz range for active cell volumes of about 100 mm.
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