Abstract

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. Marwan Bishara, “Guaging Arab Public Opinion,” Al Jazeera English, March 8, 2012, http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/03/20123793355501965.html. 2. Supreme Leader's address to students on April 20, 2000, http://farsi.khamenei.ir/speech-content?id=3003. 3. Supreme Leader speech during his visit to Kermanshah in January 2012. http://basir-news.com/archives/4282. 4. “The Supreme Leader's View of Global Arrogance,” The Center for Preserving and Publishing the Works of Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei, September 10, 2009, http://english.khamenei.ir//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1179&Itemid=13#Topp. 5. Mari Luomi, “Sectarian Identities or Geopolitics?”, The Finnish Institute of International Affairs, Working Papers 56, 2008: 9, kms2.isn.ethz.ch/…/08_Sectarian_Identities_or_Geopolitics.pdf. 6. Nour Malas, Hassan Hafidh, and Joel Millman, “Protests Emerge in Jordan, Bahrain,” The Wall Street Journal, February 5, 2011, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704709304576124623383327338.html. 7. Michael Slackman and Mark Landler, “Bahrain Turmoil PosesFresh Test for White House,” February 17, 2011, http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/world/middleeast/18bahrain.html?pagewanted=all. 8. Barbara Slavin, “‘Strategically Lonely’ Iran Exploits Opportunities for Regional Influence,” Iran Task Force, The South Asia Center, Atlantic Council, 2011: 2, hawk.ethz.ch/…/032511_ACUS_Slavin_LonelyIran.pdf. 9. Danielle Pletka, Frederick W. Kagan, Ahmad K. Majidyar, Marisa Cochrane Sullivan, “Iranian influence in the Levant, Egypt, Iraq, and Afghanistan,” American Enterprise Institute, May 2012: 7, http://www.aei.org/papers/foreign-and-defense-policy/regional/middle-east-and-north-africa/iranian-influence-in-the-levant-egypt-iraq-and-afghanistan/. 10. Peter Cave, “At Least 38 Killed in Iraq Attacks,” ABC News, April 20, 2012, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-04-19/at-least-30-killed-in-iraq-bombings/3961004. 11. Barbara Slavin, “Strategically Lonely,” p. 2. 12. Mark Perry and Alastair Crooke, “How Hezbollah defeated Israel: Part I—Winning the Intelligence War,” Asia Times, October 12, 2006, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/HJ12Ak01.html. 13. “Fears Grow Over Arms Flow,” The Gulf, July 2012, http://www.thegulfonline.com/Articles.aspx?ArtID=4662. 14. Henry A. Ensher, “Iran–Syria Relations and the Arab Spring,” AEI Iran Tracker, July 12, 2011, http://www.irantracker.org/foreign-relations/iran-syria-relations-and-arab-spring. 15. “Iran's Ahmadinejad Condemns ‘Massacre’ in Ally Syria,” Agence France Presse via Ahram Online, October 22, 2011, http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/8/24818/World/Region/Irans-Ahmadinejad-condemns-massacre-in-ally-Syria.aspx. 16. “Ayatollah Khamenei's Message to Hajj Pilgrims,” The Center for Preserving and Publishing the Works of Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei, October 27, 2011, http://english.khamenei.ir//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1553&Itemid=16. 17. Supreme Leader's speech to Government Officials on August 18, 2010, http://english.khamenei.ir//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1354&Itemid=4. 18. U.S. National Security Advisor Tom Donilon, speech at the Brookings Institute, Washington DC, November 22, 2011. http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/texttrans/2011/11/20111122144640su0.8725789.html#ixzz231Vv3dOA. 19. Anothony H. Cordesman, “Iran, Oil, and the Strait of Hormuz,” The Center for Strategic and International Studies, March 26, 2007, http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/070326_iranoil_hormuz.pdf. 20. Robert D. Kaplan, The Revenge of Geography: What the Map Tells Us About Coming Conflicts and the Battle Against Fate, (New York: Random House: 2012), 105. 21. Ervand Abrahamian, Iran Between Two Revolutions (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1982), 265–66. 22. Hakimeh Saghaye-Biria, “United States Propaganda in Iran: 1951–1953,” Thesis for Master's of Mass Communication, University of Houston, 2002, p. 9–10, http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04082009-100641/unrestricted/Hakimeh_Saghaye-Biria_Thesis.pdf. 23. Muhammas Sahimi, “The Hostage Crisis, 30 years On,” PBS Frontline, November 3, 2009, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tehranbureau/2009/11/30-years-after-the-hostage-crisis.html 24. “1979: Exiled Ayatollah Khomeini Returns to Iran,” BBC News, On This Day, http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/1/newsid_2521000/2521003.stm. 25. Barbera Slavin, “Obama Sent a Secret letter to Iraq's Top Shiite Cleric,” Foreign Policy, Augist 5, 2012, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/08/05/obama_sent_a_secret_letter_to_iraqs_top_shiite_cleric; Babak Rahimi, “Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani and the Democratization of post-Saddam Iraq,” Nathan Hale Foreign Policy Society, Working Papers Series, 5, http://www.foreignpolicysociety.org/workingpapers/WP6–Rahimi.pdf. 26. Gregory Wallace, “Romey: Nuclear Iran is ‘Number One National Security Threat,’” CNN, July 30, 2012, http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2012/07/30/romney-nuclear-iran-is-number-one-national-security-threat/. 27. Hope Hodge, “Romney Adviser: Unacceptable that Obama Allows Iran to Enrich Uranium,” July 25, 2012, http://www.humanevents.com/2012/07/25/romney-adviser-unacceptable-that-obama-allows-uranium-enrichment-in-iran/. 28. Jamie M. Fly and Gary Schmitt, “The Case for Regime Change in Iran,” Foreign Affairs, January 17, 2012, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137038/jamie-m-fly-and-gary-schmitt/the-case-for-regime-change-in-iran. 29. Paul Lewis, “Iran Agrees to Allow Visit by UN Rights Inspector,” The New York Times, December 3, 1989, http://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/03/world/iran-agrees-to-allow-visit-by-un-rights-inspector.html. 30. Norma Percy, “U.S.–Iran: Dialogue of the Deaf?” BBC News, February 10, 2009, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7875129.stm. 31. Gareth Porter, “How Neocons Sabotaged Iran's Help on al-Qaeda,” Inter Press Service via Antiwar.com, February 23, 2006, http://www.antiwar.com/orig/porter.php?articleid=8590. 32. Thomas Erdbrink, “Khamenei: Iran Will Back ‘Any Nations, Any Groups’ Fighting Israel,” The Washington Post, February 3, 2012. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/iran-says-it-launched-satellite/2012/02/03/gIQARNuDmQ_story.html. 33. “Hillary Clinton Admits the U.S. Government Created al-Qaeda,” Daily Paul, May 23, 2012, http://www.dailypaul.com/235730/hillary-clinton-admits-the-us-government-created-al-qaeda. 34. Egyptian Cleric Muhammad Hussein Yaaqub: MB Presidential Candidate Muhammad Mursi Told Me that the Shiites ‘Are More Dangerous to Islam than the Jews’” Memri News, June 13, 2012, http://www.memri.org/clip/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/3466.htm. 35. Rod Nordland, “Al-Qaeda Taking Deadly New Role in Syria's Conflict,” The New York Times, July 24, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/25/world/middleeast/al-qaeda-insinuating-its-way-into-syrias-conflict.html?_r=2&pagewanted=all. Additional informationNotes on contributorsHossein MousavianHossein Mousavian is a research scholar at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. From 1997 to 2005, he was the head of the Foreign Relations Committee of Iran's National Security Council; from 2003 to 2005, he served as spokesman for Iran in its nuclear negotiations with the European Union. He is author of The Iranian Nuclear Crisis: A Memoir published by Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in June 2012

Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call