Abstract
In the last 20 years, silicon quantum dots have received considerable attention from academic and industrial communities for research on readout, manipulation, storage, near-neighbor and long-range coupling of spin qubits. In this paper, we introduce how to realize a single spin qubit from Si-MOS quantum dots. First, we introduce the structure of a typical Si-MOS quantum dot and the experimental setup. Then, we show the basic properties of the quantum dot, including charge stability diagram, orbital state, valley state, lever arm, electron temperature, tunneling rate and spin lifetime. After that, we introduce the two most commonly used methods for spin-to-charge conversion, i.e., Elzerman readout and Pauli spin blockade readout. Finally, we discuss the details of how to find the resonance frequency of spin qubits and show the result of coherent manipulation, i.e., Rabi oscillation. The above processes constitute an operation guide for helping the followers enter the field of spin qubits in Si-MOS quantum dots.
Highlights
As early as 1982, the famous physicist Feynman proposed that quantum computers can simulate problems that cannot be solved by classical computers [1]
Is applied to the LL and RL to ensure that the channel of double quantum dots (DQD) is turned on
That we are able to read the spin state via the single-shot readout method, we introduce the manipulation of the spin qubit
Summary
As early as 1982, the famous physicist Feynman proposed that quantum computers can simulate problems that cannot be solved by classical computers [1]. 1998 [4] and in 2000, DiVincenzo presented the DiVincenzo Criteria for physical implementation of quantum computing [5]. These findings set off a wave of quantum computing research. In this wave, researchers tried to build quantum computers in various systems. Trapped ions [6,7], nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [8,9], superconducting loops [10,11], nitrogen vacancy center [12,13], semiconductor quantum dots [14,15], and other systems have enabled the manipulation of single and two qubits and have demonstrated simple quantum algorithms. Silicon quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as promising hosts for qubits to build a quantum processor due to their long coherence time [16,17], small footprint [18], potential scalability [19,20], and compatibility with advanced semiconductor manufacturing technology [21]
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