Abstract
Brain–computer interfaces can provide a new communication channel and control functions to people with restricted movements. Recent studies have indicated the effectiveness of brain–computer interface (BCI) applications. Various types of applications have been introduced so far in this field, but the number of those available to the public is still insufficient. Thus, there is a need to expand the usability and accessibility of BCI applications. In this study, we introduce a BCI application for users to experience a virtual world tour. This software was built on three open-source environments and is publicly available through the GitHub repository. For a usability test, 10 healthy subjects participated in an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment and evaluated the system through a questionnaire. As a result, all the participants successfully played the BCI application with 96.6% accuracy with 20 blinks from two sessions and gave opinions on its usability (e.g., controllability, completeness, comfort, and enjoyment) through the questionnaire. We believe that this open-source BCI world tour system can be used in both research and entertainment settings and hopefully contribute to open science in the BCI field.
Highlights
Brain–computer interfaces are a form of technology that enables direct communication between humans and a computer through brain oscillation
The P300 speller has been used as a tool to measure the performance of the P300 brain–computer interface (BCI) system to see if the system can be used by ALS patients (Nijboer et al, 2008; Guy et al, 2018), to unveil the cognitive characteristics of patients
All of the source codes and documents for the world tour system (WTS) can be found in the Github repository (BCILab, 2020)
Summary
Brain–computer interfaces are a form of technology that enables direct communication between humans and a computer through brain oscillation. Since it can improve the quality of life for disabled patients by providing a new communication channel, it has been given much attention and subsequently advanced over the last 40 years (Schmidt, 1980; Georgopoulos et al, 1986; Farwell and Donchin, 1988; Wolpaw et al, 2000; Curran and Stokes, 2003; Lotte et al, 2007; Nicolas-Alonso and Gomez-Gil, 2012; Hamedi et al, 2016; Abiri et al, 2019). The P300 BCI is a paradigm popularly used in brain–computer interface (BCI) development (Fazel-Rezai et al, 2012) This paradigm uses the P300 component, which is a positive response raised about 300 msec after the presentation of an odd stimulus. The P300 speller has been used as a tool to measure the performance of the P300 BCI system to see if the system can be used by ALS patients (Nijboer et al, 2008; Guy et al, 2018), to unveil the cognitive characteristics (e.g., temporal differences in visual stimulus processing compared with healthy people) of patients
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