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Abstract
The theory, design, simulation, fabrication, and performance of an omnidirectional polarization detector (PD) with two resonances located in the X and Ka ranges based on a metamaterial absorber (MMA) are presented in this paper. The sandwich structure of PD is composed of 0.1 μm periodic “I” shaped patches on the metasurface, a dielectric of 200 μm FR-4 on the interlayer, and a 0.3 μm copper film on the substrate. PD absorptivity is first used to reflect and describe the polarization of the incident wave. The numerical results, derived from the standard full wave finite integration technology (FIT) of CST 2015, indicates that the designed PD shows polarization sensitivity at all incidence angles. The effects on absorptivity produced by the incidence angles, polarization angles, and materials are investigated. The amplitude of absorptivity change caused by polarization reaches 99.802%. A laser ablation process is adopted to prepare the designed PD on a FR-4 board coated with copper on the double plane with a thickness that was 1/93 and 1/48 of wavelength at a resonance frequency of 16.055 GHz and 30.9 GHz, respectively. The sample test results verify the designed PD excellent detectability on the polarization of the incident waves. The proposed PD, which greatly enriches the applications of metamaterials in bolometers, thermal images, stealth materials, microstructure measurements, and electromagnetic devices, is easy to mass produce and market because of its strong detectability, ultrathin thickness, effective cost, and convenient process.
Highlights
Polarization is one of the significant characteristics of electromagnetic waves that plays a vital role in many domains, such as polarization imaging, confidential communications, heterodyne detection, titers, navigation, and quantum computers
Polarization analyzers based on conventional polarization detection methods, which include polarization interferometry or modulation detection [1,2], four probes distribution detection [3], and polarization amplitude detection [4], are difficult to adopt because of their complicated mechanical structure, and immense data processing
It is shown that resonators with high capacitive elements, keeping ε unchanged, need a dielectric with higher losses to achieve perfect absorption, but they lead to the maximization of the full width at half maximum (FWHM)
Summary
Polarization is one of the significant characteristics of electromagnetic waves that plays a vital role in many domains, such as polarization imaging, confidential communications, heterodyne detection, titers, navigation, and quantum computers. Azzam acquired the Stokes vector, which is adopted to reflect and describe polarization, by calculating the currents value of four photodiodes that were placed around the optical fiber, which can be detected directly and conveniently [3] This method has considerable limitations in expansion and understanding on account of the extremely stable work environment and accurately gauged photodiodes. Researchers usually adopt a massive and precise system to detect and analyze the polarization of electromagnetic waves These existing detection and analysis systems encounter difficulties in a lack of precise understanding, complicated mechanical structures, immense data processing needs, and environmental sensitivity which limit their usability and marketability. The proposed PD possesses ample potential in scientific research (e.g., polarization optics, and electromagnetic coupling) and engineering applications (e.g., polarized glasses, confidential communication, biochip detection, photomemory, bolometers, thermal imaging, microstructure measurements) because of its strong detectability, ultrathin thickness, low cost, and convenient manufacturing process
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