Abstract
Abstract. Regional landslide assessments and mapping have been effectively pursued by research institutions, national and local governments, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and different stakeholders for some time, and a wide range of methodologies and technologies have consequently been proposed. Land-use mapping and hazard event inventories are mostly created by remote-sensing data, subject to difficulties, such as accessibility and terrain, which need to be overcome. Likewise, landslide data acquisition for the field navigation can magnify the accuracy of databases and analysis. Open-source Web and mobile GIS tools can be used for improved ground-truthing of critical areas to improve the analysis of hazard patterns and triggering factors. This paper reviews the implementation and selected results of a secure mobile-map application called ROOMA (Rapid Offline–Online Mapping Application) for the rapid data collection of landslide hazard and risk. This prototype assists the quick creation of landslide inventory maps (LIMs) by collecting information on the type, feature, volume, date, and patterns of landslides using open-source Web-GIS technologies such as Leaflet maps, Cordova, GeoServer, PostgreSQL as the real DBMS (database management system), and PostGIS as its plug-in for spatial database management. This application comprises Leaflet maps coupled with satellite images as a base layer, drawing tools, geolocation (using GPS and the Internet), photo mapping, and event clustering. All the features and information are recorded into a GeoJSON text file in an offline version (Android) and subsequently uploaded to the online mode (using all browsers) with the availability of Internet. Finally, the events can be accessed and edited after approval by an administrator and then be visualized by the general public.
Highlights
Landslides refer to all types of mass movements on slopes (Varnes, 1984) and can be triggered by various external events such as intense rainfall, earthquakes, water-level changes, storm waves, or human activities
The location, the time of event, and the types of movements can be recorded in a landslide inventory map (LIM)
LIMs are important factors for hazard and risk assessments, if there are a significant number of landslides with different types, dates, volumes, and trigging factors (Coe et al, 2004)
Summary
Landslides refer to all types of mass movements on slopes (Varnes, 1984) and can be triggered by various external events such as intense rainfall, earthquakes, water-level changes, storm waves, or human activities. LIMs are important factors for hazard and risk assessments, if there are a significant number of landslides with different types, dates, volumes, and trigging factors (Coe et al, 2004) They can be created using various methods; the selection of techniques depends on the size of the area, the resolution, the scale of the map, land use, soil, and geomorphology (Coe et al, 2004; Guzzetti et al, 2006; Hungr et al, 2014). Rapid Offline–Online Mapping Application (ROOMA) based on geospatial open-source technologies is described to collect data on landslide events, hazard impacts, and damaged infrastructure, which can be made freely accessible to authorities, stakeholders, and the general public.
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