Abstract
Using a simple off-axis jet model of GRBs, we can reproduce the observed unusual properties of the prompt emission of GRB 980425, such as the extremely low isotropic γ-ray energy and the soft spectrum when the jet with the standard energy of ∼ 10 5 1 ergs and the opening half-angle of 10° < Δθ ≤ 30° is seen from the off-axis viewing angle θ v ∼ Δθ+10γ - 1 , where is a Lorentz factor of the jet. Our model may be able to explain the other unusual properties of this event. We also discuss the connection of GRB 980425 in our model with the X-ray flash, and the origin of a class of GRBs with small E γ .
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