Abstract
A broadband metamaterials (MTM)-based hexagonal patch antenna is designed and presented. A hexagonal shape of a top patch on a mushroom structure makes not only direct-current paths between two ends of the patch but also round-current path along the outside of the patch, thereby widening a resonance frequency of the mushroom MTM antenna. Moreover, input microstrip transmission line acted as a reflecting element for the surface wave, resulting in forward-directed end-fired radiation. The hexagonal patch was implemented by utilizing a composite right-and left-handed (CRLH) transmission line. The antenna operates from 15.9 GHz to 30.6 GHz covering the Ku- to Ka-band. The antenna gain is from 6 dBi to 9.3 dBi with small size compared to the conventional antennas. The application areas are in automotive radars and ground penetrating radar (GPR). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.21.5.13325
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONThe Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-known technology and has been found to be a special option for wide range applications, including archaeology, geophysical research, mine or buried object detection and so on [1]
The Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-known technology and has been found to be a special option for wide range applications, including archaeology, geophysical research, mine or buried object detection and so on [1].Ultra-wideband antennas are one of the most critical parts of broadband GPR system
Dispersive or non-dispersive antennas have been commonly used for GPR systems, such as dipole antenna, Bow-tie antenna, TEM horn antenna, Vivaldi or tapered slot antenna (TSA), and equiangular spiral antenna [2]
Summary
The Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a well-known technology and has been found to be a special option for wide range applications, including archaeology, geophysical research, mine or buried object detection and so on [1]. Have negative permittivity ( ) and permeability ( ) theoretically speculated in 1960s by the Russian physicist Viktor Veselago have received great attention due to negative refraction, reverse Cerenkov radiation, and slow light [4]–[6] Due to these unique properties, MTM have been widely applied as microstrip patch antennas in military and commercial system applications [7]. MTM microstrip patch antennas have many attractive features such as anti-parallel phase velocity to group velocity and infinite wavelength at a certain frequency, as well as small size, low profile and integration with planar surfaces They inherently have narrow frequency bandwidth, typically 1 %–5 %, limiting its many attractive features. An octave bandwidth was achieved with VSWR less than 2:1
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