Abstract
Background. Links between dietary quality and abdominal obesity are poorly understood. Objective. To examine the association between an obesity-specific dietary quality index and abdominal obesity risk in women. Methods. Over 12 years, we followed 288 Framingham Offspring/Spouse Study women, aged 30–69 years, without metabolic syndrome risk factors, cardiovascular disease, cancer, or diabetes at baseline. An 11-nutrient obesity-specific dietary quality index was derived using mean ranks of nutrient intakes from 3-day dietary records. Abdominal obesity (waist circumference >88 cm) was assessed during follow-up. Results. Using multiple logistic regression, women with poorer dietary quality were more likely to develop abdominal obesity compared to those with higher dietary quality (OR 1.87; 95% CI, 1.01, 3.47; P for trend = .048) independent of age, physical activity, smoking, and menopausal status. Conclusions. An obesity-specific dietary quality index predicted abdominal obesity in women, suggesting targets for dietary quality assessment, intervention, and treatment to address abdominal adiposity.
Highlights
More than 60% of adult females in the United States have abdominal obesity [1], a condition that independently predicts mortality [2], major morbidities [3], and metabolic risk factors [3] in women
Women with higher dietary quality were significantly older and smoked less during their lifetimes (Table 1). These women did not differ across tertiles in other baseline characteristics. Their metabolic profiles reflect the health status of this diseasefree cohort at baseline; their blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and blood glucose levels were within normal ranges
In multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, physical activity, menopause, and smoking status, women in the highest nutritional risk tertile were 1.87 times more likely to become abdominally obese compared to those in the lowest tertile of nutritional risk
Summary
More than 60% of adult females in the United States have abdominal obesity [1], a condition that independently predicts mortality [2], major morbidities [3], and metabolic risk factors [3] in women. None of the existing composite dietary quality indices/scores are based on a specific evidence basis for the most consistent dietary determinants of abdominal or peripheral obesity. The concept of a diseasespecific dietary quality index is unique and important since general indices without disease-specificity have not been predictive of all major chronic diseases in women [17, 18]. A dietary quality index/score that combines specific dietary determinants of obesity may be more helpful than existing approaches in identifying diet-obesity associations and may offer new insights into nutritional risk assessment, preventive intervention and treatment for abdominal obesity risk reduction. To examine the association between an obesity-specific dietary quality index and abdominal obesity risk in women. An obesity-specific dietary quality index predicted abdominal obesity in women, suggesting targets for dietary quality assessment, intervention, and treatment to address abdominal adiposity
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