An MPPT Control of a PMSG-Based WECS with Disturbance Compensation and Wind Speed Estimation

Janusz Baran,Andrzej Jąderko

doi:10.3390/en13236344

Abstract

The paper presents simulation research on a variable structure control scheme of a small variable-speed fixed-pitch wind energy conversion system (WECS) with a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) in variable wind conditions. The WECS is connected to a power grid through two back-to-back voltage source converters (VSCs) with a DC link. The presented control algorithm is based on feedforward compensation of the wind turbine aerodynamic torque estimated using a linear disturbance observer (DOB). The torque estimate is employed to determine the effective wind speed, required for setting the reference angular speed, using numerical zero search of a nonlinear function. The simulation model, built in the Matlab/Simulink environment using the Simscape Electrical toolbox, includes the field-oriented control of the PMSG via the machine VSC, performed by cascaded angular velocity and current/torque PI controllers, as well as synchronization with the grid and the reactive power control via the grid VSC. The presented results are focused on the performance of the proposed control in the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operating region of the WECS for various wind speed profiles.

Highlights

Wind energy sources, along with solar energy sources, are considered to be the most promising renewable energy sources
One can see the fast performance of the disturbance observer (Test is the aerodynamic torque estimate) and the errorless computation of the wind speed estimate vest
The grid-side converter (GSC) control blocks the inductive reactive power generated the13,permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)—the mean reactive power Q transferred to the grid is about zero. 13 of

Summary

Introduction

Along with solar energy sources, are considered to be the most promising renewable energy sources. Wind turbines (WTs) and wind power plants do not produce pollution or emissions, so wind energy conversion is one of the cleanest and safest methods for generating electricity. In 2019, wind energy provided an estimated 6% of the world’s and 15% of the EU’s annual electricity generation (47% in Denmark, the leading wind energy producer) [1]. Under the current rate of progress, wind energy will be able to meet about 29% of the world’s electricity consumption needs by 2030, with this figure reaching 34% by 2050. Contemporary wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) for the commercial production of electric power most often use WTs with horizontal rotational axis (HAWTs) and a three-blade rotor. We consider a Type 4 WECS, in which an induction or synchronous generator is connected to the grid through a full power converter [2]. In WECSs with induction generators, Energies 2020, 13, 6344; doi:10.3390/en13236344 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies

Results

Discussion

Conclusion